设计简介
摘 要
本设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差配合等多方面的知识。
托架零件加工工艺及夹具设计包括零件的工艺设计、工序设计以及夹具设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量。通过分析产品尺寸和相关技术要求，查阅托架类零件相关资料，结合生产批量要求、零件的工艺结构要素、制造经济性、可行性等多方面因素，最终安排了14道工序来完成托架的加工，其中包括各道工序的加工方法，机床、刀具、夹具、辅具、量具的选择，基准面的选取，定位和夹紧方案的拟定。然后进行夹具设计，主要就钻Ф10.1孔这个工序进行了夹具方案的分析，计算和最终敲定，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并用一张装配图和夹具零件图来表达设计出的夹具方案。
工艺规程是指导生产的重要技术文件，实际生产必须按照工艺规程规定的加工方法和加工顺序进行。制定工艺规程应在一定的生产条件下，以最少的劳动量和最低的生产成本，在规定的时间内，可靠地加工出符合图样及技术要求的零件。
关键字：工艺路线;切削用量;夹具设计;量具；刀具;定位;夹紧;误差
Abstract
This design involves the mechanical manufacturing process and machine tool fixture design, metal cutting machine tools, tolerance and other aspects of the knowledge.
Bracket parts process technology and fixture design are three parts, including process design, process design and fixture design.In the process of design should first of all parts to analyze, understand parts of the process and choose the good parts machining datum, designs the process routes of the parts; then the parts of each step process dimension calculation, the key is to determine the process equipment and cutting dosage of each working procedure.I carefully analyze the product size and related technical requirements, look into related materials of bracket parts, combine the requirement of production quantity and elements of part technology, including production economics and feasibilities. Finally, I arranged 14 processes to finish processing the bracket, including processing methods of every process, choosing of machine tool, cutting tool, clamp, auxiliary tool and measuring tool, choosing of base level, and drawing up of plans of position and clamping..then design a fixture,I mainly analyze, calculate and finalize the clamp plan of Ф10.1 technology, ,fixture for the various components of the design, such as the connecting part positioning device, clamping device, clamp and the machine tool and other components; the positioning error generated when calculate fixture positioning, analysis of the rationality and deficiency of fixture structure, and express the designed plan by using an assembly drawing and an detain drawing of clamp.
The rules of the craft is the important technique which guide the produce docum
ent, the actual production must rule according to the craft gage distance of process the method and process the in proper order progress. The parts that establishment craft gage distance is at the request of under certainly of the production condition, with at least of labor quantisty and minimum production cost, in the prescriptive the inside of term, process to match drawing and techniques dependablely.
Key words: process route;cutting dosage;fixture designing;gauge；tool;positioning;clamping;error.
目 录
第一章 前言…………………………………………………………1
1.1 机械加工工艺规程……………………………………………………1
1.2 机床夹具设计…………………………………………………………2
第二章 托架的工艺分析及生产类型的确定………………………5
2.1 托架的概况……………………………………………………………5
2.2 托架的技术要求………………………………………………………5
2.3 确定托架的生产类型…………………………………………………6
2.4 审查托架的工艺特点…………………………………………………6
第三章 确定毛坯、绘制毛坯简图…………………………………7
3.1 毛坯概况………………………………………………………………7
3.2 确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量………………………………7
3.3 绘制托架铸造毛坯简图………………………………………………7
第四章 拟定托架工艺路线…………………………………………9
4.1 定位基准的选择………………………………………………………9
4.2 各表面加工方案的确定………………………………………………9
4.3 加工阶段的划分………………………………………………………9
4.4 工序的集中与分散……………………………………………………10
4.5 工序顺序的安排………………………………………………………10
4.6 机床设备及工艺装备的选用…………………………………………10
4.7 确定工艺路线…………………………………………………………11
第五章 确定加工余量和工序尺寸…………………………………12
5.1 工序3——铣削上端面A ……………………………………………12
5.2 工序4——铣削下端面C ……………………………………………12
5.3 工序5——铣削侧面B ………………………………………………13
5.4 工序6——镗削Ф33H7孔 …………………………………………13
5.5 工序7——钻削2-Ф10.1孔 ………………………………………14
第六章 确定切削用量及时间定额…………………………………15
6.1 确定切削数据…………………………………………………………15
6.2 时间定额的计算………………………………………………………23
第七章 钻床夹具设计………………………………………………25
7.1 工艺分析………………………………………………………………25
7.2 托架斜孔分度钻模结构设计…………………………………………26
7.3 斜孔钻模上工艺孔的设置与计算……………………………………32
7.4 夹具总图上尺寸、公差及技术要求的标注…………………………33
7.5 工件的加工精度分析…………………………………………………34
第八章 结论…………………………………………………………38
参考文献………………………………………………………………39
致谢……………………………………………………………………40
本设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差配合等多方面的知识。
托架零件加工工艺及夹具设计包括零件的工艺设计、工序设计以及夹具设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量。通过分析产品尺寸和相关技术要求，查阅托架类零件相关资料，结合生产批量要求、零件的工艺结构要素、制造经济性、可行性等多方面因素，最终安排了14道工序来完成托架的加工，其中包括各道工序的加工方法，机床、刀具、夹具、辅具、量具的选择，基准面的选取，定位和夹紧方案的拟定。然后进行夹具设计，主要就钻Ф10.1孔这个工序进行了夹具方案的分析，计算和最终敲定，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并用一张装配图和夹具零件图来表达设计出的夹具方案。
工艺规程是指导生产的重要技术文件，实际生产必须按照工艺规程规定的加工方法和加工顺序进行。制定工艺规程应在一定的生产条件下，以最少的劳动量和最低的生产成本，在规定的时间内，可靠地加工出符合图样及技术要求的零件。
关键字：工艺路线;切削用量;夹具设计;量具；刀具;定位;夹紧;误差
Abstract
This design involves the mechanical manufacturing process and machine tool fixture design, metal cutting machine tools, tolerance and other aspects of the knowledge.
Bracket parts process technology and fixture design are three parts, including process design, process design and fixture design.In the process of design should first of all parts to analyze, understand parts of the process and choose the good parts machining datum, designs the process routes of the parts; then the parts of each step process dimension calculation, the key is to determine the process equipment and cutting dosage of each working procedure.I carefully analyze the product size and related technical requirements, look into related materials of bracket parts, combine the requirement of production quantity and elements of part technology, including production economics and feasibilities. Finally, I arranged 14 processes to finish processing the bracket, including processing methods of every process, choosing of machine tool, cutting tool, clamp, auxiliary tool and measuring tool, choosing of base level, and drawing up of plans of position and clamping..then design a fixture,I mainly analyze, calculate and finalize the clamp plan of Ф10.1 technology, ,fixture for the various components of the design, such as the connecting part positioning device, clamping device, clamp and the machine tool and other components; the positioning error generated when calculate fixture positioning, analysis of the rationality and deficiency of fixture structure, and express the designed plan by using an assembly drawing and an detain drawing of clamp.
The rules of the craft is the important technique which guide the produce docum
ent, the actual production must rule according to the craft gage distance of process the method and process the in proper order progress. The parts that establishment craft gage distance is at the request of under certainly of the production condition, with at least of labor quantisty and minimum production cost, in the prescriptive the inside of term, process to match drawing and techniques dependablely.
Key words: process route;cutting dosage;fixture designing;gauge；tool;positioning;clamping;error.
目 录
第一章 前言…………………………………………………………1
1.1 机械加工工艺规程……………………………………………………1
1.2 机床夹具设计…………………………………………………………2
第二章 托架的工艺分析及生产类型的确定………………………5
2.1 托架的概况……………………………………………………………5
2.2 托架的技术要求………………………………………………………5
2.3 确定托架的生产类型…………………………………………………6
2.4 审查托架的工艺特点…………………………………………………6
第三章 确定毛坯、绘制毛坯简图…………………………………7
3.1 毛坯概况………………………………………………………………7
3.2 确定毛坯的尺寸公差和机械加工余量………………………………7
3.3 绘制托架铸造毛坯简图………………………………………………7
第四章 拟定托架工艺路线…………………………………………9
4.1 定位基准的选择………………………………………………………9
4.2 各表面加工方案的确定………………………………………………9
4.3 加工阶段的划分………………………………………………………9
4.4 工序的集中与分散……………………………………………………10
4.5 工序顺序的安排………………………………………………………10
4.6 机床设备及工艺装备的选用…………………………………………10
4.7 确定工艺路线…………………………………………………………11
第五章 确定加工余量和工序尺寸…………………………………12
5.1 工序3——铣削上端面A ……………………………………………12
5.2 工序4——铣削下端面C ……………………………………………12
5.3 工序5——铣削侧面B ………………………………………………13
5.4 工序6——镗削Ф33H7孔 …………………………………………13
5.5 工序7——钻削2-Ф10.1孔 ………………………………………14
第六章 确定切削用量及时间定额…………………………………15
6.1 确定切削数据…………………………………………………………15
6.2 时间定额的计算………………………………………………………23
第七章 钻床夹具设计………………………………………………25
7.1 工艺分析………………………………………………………………25
7.2 托架斜孔分度钻模结构设计…………………………………………26
7.3 斜孔钻模上工艺孔的设置与计算……………………………………32
7.4 夹具总图上尺寸、公差及技术要求的标注…………………………33
7.5 工件的加工精度分析…………………………………………………34
第八章 结论…………………………………………………………38
参考文献………………………………………………………………39
致谢……………………………………………………………………40
