设计简介
2t汽车后桥总体设计
摘要：汽车后桥是汽车的驱动部分,是整个汽车传动系的最末端,对汽车的性能起着至关重要的作用。根据车桥能否传递驱动力，汽车车桥分为驱动桥和从动桥。驱动桥的结构型式按齐总体布置来说共有三种，即普通的非断开式驱动桥，带有摆动半轴的非断开式驱动桥和断开式驱动桥。本设计对象是小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥。
本设计完成了小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥中主减速器、差速器、驱动车轮的传动装置及桥壳等部件的设计。本文根据小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥的要求，通过选型，确定了主减速器传动副类型，差速器类型，驱动桥半轴支承类型。通过计算计算，确定了主减速比，主、从动锥齿轮、差速器、半轴以及桥壳的主要参数和结构尺寸。
最后利用CAD软件绘制零部件装配图和装配总图并通过主要零部件的校核计算和对主要零部件二维绘图，确定所设计的能够满足设计要求。
关键词：汽车后桥；驱动桥；主减速器；差速器
摘要：汽车后桥是汽车的驱动部分,是整个汽车传动系的最末端,对汽车的性能起着至关重要的作用。根据车桥能否传递驱动力，汽车车桥分为驱动桥和从动桥。驱动桥的结构型式按齐总体布置来说共有三种，即普通的非断开式驱动桥，带有摆动半轴的非断开式驱动桥和断开式驱动桥。本设计对象是小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥。
本设计完成了小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥中主减速器、差速器、驱动车轮的传动装置及桥壳等部件的设计。本文根据小型低速载货汽车的后驱动桥的要求，通过选型，确定了主减速器传动副类型，差速器类型，驱动桥半轴支承类型。通过计算计算，确定了主减速比，主、从动锥齿轮、差速器、半轴以及桥壳的主要参数和结构尺寸。
最后利用CAD软件绘制零部件装配图和装配总图并通过主要零部件的校核计算和对主要零部件二维绘图，确定所设计的能够满足设计要求。
关键词：汽车后桥；驱动桥；主减速器；差速器
The overall design of the rear axle for 2 tons bus
Abstract:Automobile rear axle is part of the car's driver is the far end of the entire automobile transmission, the performance of the car plays a vital role.According to weather the axle could transfer driving force or not,the automobile axle is divided into drive axle and driven axle. Sport utility passenger vehicle (SUV) for the four-wheel drive, both cities run, field sports, in addition to the premium sedan with the comfort, we must also have a higher cross-country and safety. The object that is designed for small low-speed trucks is drive of rear axle.
The design of drive of rear axle includes the design of the main reducer , the design of the differential device and rear axle design. According to the requirements of the rear axle,i can identify the main types of main gear box, differential device, rear axle.And by calculating, i can identify the main reduction ratio, the main, driven helical bevel gear , differential device and the shell of the main parameters of the bridge structure and size. One part of the calculation using the computer program to complete the self, reducing computing time and improve efficiency.
Finally,I use CAD software to draw parts of assembly drawings and the whole assembly drawings.In the meanwhile,I checking through the major components of the calculation of the main components and two-dimensional drawings, to determine the design to meet the design requirements.
Key words:automobile rear axle ; drive axle ; main reducer ; differential device
目 录
1 概述－－结构方案的确定 ………………...........…………………..……1
1.1 概述 ………………...........……...............................………....…………1
1.2 结构方案的分析及选择 ………………...........……..……….........……2
2 主减速器设计 ………………………………................................…………5
2.1 主减速器型式及选择 ………………………….............……….………5
2.2 主减速器齿轮的齿型 ………………………….............………….……6
2.3 主减速器齿轮设计和计算 ……………………….....………….………8
2.4 主减速器结构设计 …………………………….................…….……..25
3 差速器及半轴设计 ………………………………............................…..…27
3.1 差速器的功能原理 ……………………………….................…...……27
3.2 差速器的其本参数的选择和设计计算 ………….....……….……..…29
3.3 半轴的设计 ………………………….............................……….…..…34
4 桥壳及壳附件设计 ……………………………......................….....…..…39
4.1 驱动桥壳结构方案选择 …………………….........……………...……39
4.2 驱动桥壳强度计算 ……………………………...................….………40
4.3 驱动桥壳材料的选择 …………………………….............……...……41
5 制动器设计 ……………………….................................…...…….…..…...43
5.1 概述 …………………………………................................................…43
5.2 制动器的结构方案分析 ……………………….............……….…..…44
5.3 制动器主要参数的确定 …………………….................……….……..45
5.4 制动器主要结构元件 .................................………………….…......…48
参考文献 ……………………………………………….............................………51
谢辞 …………………………………….........................................………….……52
附录 ……………...…………………….........................................…………..……53
