“远舰”轿车双摆臂悬架的设计及产品建模
摘要：汽车双摆臂悬架是一种常见的悬架形式，合理的选择悬架的结构和几何尺寸是获得满意的汽车行驶性能的重要条件，其运动特性的优劣关系到汽车操纵稳定性，舒适性，转向轻便性和轮胎的使用寿命等性能。本课题来源于东风悦达起亚汽车制造有限公司的远舰款轿车的后悬架，双摆臂悬架可以通过合理的选择空间导向杆系的铰接点的位置及导向臂的长度，使得悬架具有合适的运动特性。在设计中，首先，分析了双摆臂独立悬架的组成和功用；其次，进行双摆臂悬架的上下摆臂及各零部件强度的校核；第三，详细考虑各部件之间的连接关系；最后计算了悬架自然振动频率，悬架静挠度和动挠度以及悬架弹性特性。在分析双摆臂悬架的组成和作用以及确定各零部件的尺寸的基础上，运用CAD软件和Pro/E软件分别进行二维绘图和三维建模。此次课题进行了准确的计算和详细的结构分析，为双摆臂悬架的结构优化提供了依据，从而在运动学和动力学方面提高汽车的性能。
 
关键词：双摆臂悬架；汽车；设计；建模

The Design and Product modeling
of Double Wishbone Suspension of“Optima”Car
Abstract：The double-wishbone independent suspension is one of the common forms of motor vehicle suspension. Choosing the geometry parameters of the independent suspension reasonably is one of the important conditions to obtain the satisfied character of service. Its state of motion is related to handling stability, comfort ability, handling of steering and the life of tire, ect. The subject comes from the rear suspension of “optima” car which made by DYK Co. Ltd. The double-wishbone suspension can be a reasonable choice of space-oriented bar articulated point. The location and orientation of the suspension arm length can produce suitable motions. This thesis first analyzes the consists and function of the double-wishbone suspension in the design, then checks the up and down of arms of the double-wishbone independent suspension, Thirdly, make a detailed consideration of the various components of the link between relations is made. I calculate the suspension on the basis of the natural vibration frequency, static suspension deflection and dynamic deflection and elastic characteristics of the suspension terms at last. On the basis of Analysis of the composition and role of the size of the components in the double-wishbone independent suspension, with CAD software and Pro / E, respectively, 2D drawings and 3D product Modeling are made. We made an accurate and detailed structural analysis on the design, which provides the reference for optimal design of the double-wishbone suspension. The approach can improve the performance of the double-wishbone independent suspension.
 
Keyword: double-wishbone suspension; motor vehicle; Design; Modeling

目  录

1 前言 1
1.1 课题研究的目的和意义 1
1.2主要研究内容 2
2 悬架 4
2.1 悬架的功用和组成 4
2.2 悬架系统的自然振动频率 4
2.3 汽车悬架的类型 5
2.4 双横臂独立悬架 6
3．悬架主要参数的确定 8
3.1 悬架静挠度 8
3.2 悬架的动挠度 9
3.3 悬架弹性特性 9
3.4 后悬架螺旋弹簧刚度及应力计算 9
4 独立悬架导向机构设计及强度校核 13
4.1 设计要求 13
4.2 导向机构的布置参数 13
4.3 双横臂式独立悬架导向机构设计 16
5 减振器机构类型及主要参数的选择计算 20
5.1 分类 20
5.2 相对阻尼系数 20
5.3 减振器阻尼系数的确定 21
5.4 最大卸荷力的确定 22
5.5 简式减振器工作缸直径D的确定 22
6 Pro/E三维建模 24
6.1 关于Pro/E 24
6.3 应用现状 27
6.4 本章小结 27
7 结论 28
参考文献 29
致    谢 30

机械毕业设计|论文