设计简介
摘 要
前移式手动液压叉车是一种无污染，无动力的装卸产品，该产品具有结构紧凑，运输灵活，操作简单，回转半径小等特点。适用于工厂，车间，仓库，车站，码头等处的货物搬运与堆垛。对于那些有防火，防爆要求的场地（如印刷车间，油库，码头，仓库等）更为适用。若配合托盘装箱，集装箱等及可实现单元化运输，有效减少了零部件的碰撞，划伤和堆放面积，减少搬运工作量，提高搬运效率。本说明书是在对市场调查的情况下，发现手动液压叉车比较常见，前移式叉车也比较常见，唯独缺少的就是前移式手动液压叉车，前移式手动液压叉车是集各种叉车的优点于一身，但造价偏贵，市场上库存不多。本设计主要内容包括了对底盘、垂直升降装置、前移装置货叉、门架以及液压系统的设计。由剪刀工作原理联想到剪式叉架的前移，由梯形螺纹丝杠的自锁性，设计出只有手摇能控制货叉前进后退，松手并不移动的前移方式。通过提出方案并加以论证，选出最优设计方案的原则，阐述了前移式手动液压叉车的结构设计和工作原理，论证了它的适用性，可行性。
关键词：调查；前移；液压；自锁；可行性
ABSTRACT
Forward type manual hydraulic forklift is a pollution-free, no power handling products, the product has the advantages of compact structure, flexible transportation, simple operation, small turning radius etc.. Apply to factory, workshop, warehouse, station, dock and cargo handling and stacking. For those with fire, explosion-proof requirements of the site ( such as printing workshop, oil depots, docks, warehouses and other ) is more applicable. If match tray packing, container and can realize the transport units, effectively reduce the parts of the collision, scratch and stacking area, reduce the workload of material handling, improve handling efficiency. This statement is on the market investigation, found the manual hydraulic forklift are relatively common, type forklift is also common, but is the lack of forward type manual hydraulic forklift, reach manual hydraulic forklift is a forklift various merit in a body, but the cost is expensive, the market inventory is not much. The design of the main contents include the chassis, the vertical lifting device, advancement device fork, door frame and the design of hydraulic system. Composed of scissors principle to associate scissor fork movement, by trapezoidal screw self-locking, designed only hand can control the fork back and forward, let go does not move forward mode. The proposed scheme tries to prove, the optimal design principle, elaborated reach type manual hydraulic forklift structure design and work principle, demonstrates its applicability, feasibility.
Key words: Research；Forward；hydraulic；Self locking；feasibility
目 录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………… I
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………II
第1章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1
1.1前移式手动液压叉车的简介…………………………………………………1
1.1.1设计目的…………………………………………………………………1
1.1.1设计意义…………………………………………………………………1
1.2叉车的发展……………………………………………………………………1
1.2.1历史与发展 ……………………………………………………………1
1.2.2叉车新产品设计的技术趋势……………………………………………2
1.3前移式手动液压叉车的优势及前景…………………………………………3
1.4前移式手动液压叉车的优点…………………………………………………3
1.5前移式手动液压叉车设计参数………………………………………………4
1.6本章小结………………………………………………………………………5
第2章 总体设计方案…………………………………………………………5
2.1前移式手动液压叉车主要结构………………………………………………5
2.2前移式手动液压叉车的特点…………………………………………………6
2.3设计难点分析…………………………………………………………………7
2.4本章小结………………………………………………………………………7
第3章 传动装置设计…………………………………………………………8
3.1传动装置的选择装置…………………………………………………………8
3.1.1带传动的特点……………………………………………………………8
3.1.2链传动的特点……………………………………………………………8
3.1.3齿轮传动的特点…………………………………………………………8
3.2链传动的设计…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.1链轮的确定………………………………………………………………9
3.2.2链型号的确定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.3链节数的确定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.4强度校核…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.5验算链速………………………………………………………………10
3.2.6确定润滑方式……………………………………………………………11
3.2.7计算对链轮轴的压力 F`………………………………………………11
3.2.8链轮的结构………………………………………………………………11
3.3链轮轴的选择………………………………………………………………12
3.3.1选择轴的材料，确定许用应力………………………………………12
3.4轴承选择……………………………………………………………………16
3.4.1计算轴承的的载荷……………………………………………………16
3.4.2选择润滑方式…………………………………………………………16
3.5本章小结……………………………………………………………………17
第4章 叉车外型结构设计…………………………………………………18
4.1机架的设计…………………………………………………………………18
4.1.1机架的主要组件的材料及尺寸的选择………………………………19
4.2后轮的设计………………………………………………………………19
4.2.1轮架的选择……………………………………………………………20
4.3前轮轮架……………………………………………………………………20
4.4剪式支撑板…………………………………………………………………21
4.5万能夹具设计………………………………………………………………21
4.6本章小结………………………………………………………………………22
第5章 动力系统的设计……………………………………………………23
5.1 液压千斤顶主要构件分析…………………………………………………23
5.2 液压缸的主要形式及选材…………………………………………………23
5.3 液压缸的压力（液压缸主要参数的计算）………………………………23
5.3.1额定压力………………………………………………………………23
5.3.2工作压力………………………………………………………………24
5.3.3最高允许压力…………………………………………………………24
5.4液压缸的输出力与输出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.1液压缸的理论输出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.2液压缸的理论输入力…………………………………………………24
5.5 液压缸的输出速度…………………………………………………………24
5.5.1大液压缸的输出速度…………………………………………………25
5.5.2 速比……………………………………………………………………25
5.6 液压缸的功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.1输出功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.2输入功率………………………………………………………………26
5.7小液压缸的主要参数计算…………………………………………………26
5.8本章小结……………………………………………………………………27
结论…………………………………………………………………………………28
参考文献………………………………………………………………………… 29
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………30
前移式手动液压叉车是一种无污染，无动力的装卸产品，该产品具有结构紧凑，运输灵活，操作简单，回转半径小等特点。适用于工厂，车间，仓库，车站，码头等处的货物搬运与堆垛。对于那些有防火，防爆要求的场地（如印刷车间，油库，码头，仓库等）更为适用。若配合托盘装箱，集装箱等及可实现单元化运输，有效减少了零部件的碰撞，划伤和堆放面积，减少搬运工作量，提高搬运效率。本说明书是在对市场调查的情况下，发现手动液压叉车比较常见，前移式叉车也比较常见，唯独缺少的就是前移式手动液压叉车，前移式手动液压叉车是集各种叉车的优点于一身，但造价偏贵，市场上库存不多。本设计主要内容包括了对底盘、垂直升降装置、前移装置货叉、门架以及液压系统的设计。由剪刀工作原理联想到剪式叉架的前移，由梯形螺纹丝杠的自锁性，设计出只有手摇能控制货叉前进后退，松手并不移动的前移方式。通过提出方案并加以论证，选出最优设计方案的原则，阐述了前移式手动液压叉车的结构设计和工作原理，论证了它的适用性，可行性。
关键词：调查；前移；液压；自锁；可行性
ABSTRACT
Forward type manual hydraulic forklift is a pollution-free, no power handling products, the product has the advantages of compact structure, flexible transportation, simple operation, small turning radius etc.. Apply to factory, workshop, warehouse, station, dock and cargo handling and stacking. For those with fire, explosion-proof requirements of the site ( such as printing workshop, oil depots, docks, warehouses and other ) is more applicable. If match tray packing, container and can realize the transport units, effectively reduce the parts of the collision, scratch and stacking area, reduce the workload of material handling, improve handling efficiency. This statement is on the market investigation, found the manual hydraulic forklift are relatively common, type forklift is also common, but is the lack of forward type manual hydraulic forklift, reach manual hydraulic forklift is a forklift various merit in a body, but the cost is expensive, the market inventory is not much. The design of the main contents include the chassis, the vertical lifting device, advancement device fork, door frame and the design of hydraulic system. Composed of scissors principle to associate scissor fork movement, by trapezoidal screw self-locking, designed only hand can control the fork back and forward, let go does not move forward mode. The proposed scheme tries to prove, the optimal design principle, elaborated reach type manual hydraulic forklift structure design and work principle, demonstrates its applicability, feasibility.
Key words: Research；Forward；hydraulic；Self locking；feasibility
目 录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………… I
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………II
第1章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1
1.1前移式手动液压叉车的简介…………………………………………………1
1.1.1设计目的…………………………………………………………………1
1.1.1设计意义…………………………………………………………………1
1.2叉车的发展……………………………………………………………………1
1.2.1历史与发展 ……………………………………………………………1
1.2.2叉车新产品设计的技术趋势……………………………………………2
1.3前移式手动液压叉车的优势及前景…………………………………………3
1.4前移式手动液压叉车的优点…………………………………………………3
1.5前移式手动液压叉车设计参数………………………………………………4
1.6本章小结………………………………………………………………………5
第2章 总体设计方案…………………………………………………………5
2.1前移式手动液压叉车主要结构………………………………………………5
2.2前移式手动液压叉车的特点…………………………………………………6
2.3设计难点分析…………………………………………………………………7
2.4本章小结………………………………………………………………………7
第3章 传动装置设计…………………………………………………………8
3.1传动装置的选择装置…………………………………………………………8
3.1.1带传动的特点……………………………………………………………8
3.1.2链传动的特点……………………………………………………………8
3.1.3齿轮传动的特点…………………………………………………………8
3.2链传动的设计…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.1链轮的确定………………………………………………………………9
3.2.2链型号的确定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.3链节数的确定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.4强度校核…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.5验算链速………………………………………………………………10
3.2.6确定润滑方式……………………………………………………………11
3.2.7计算对链轮轴的压力 F`………………………………………………11
3.2.8链轮的结构………………………………………………………………11
3.3链轮轴的选择………………………………………………………………12
3.3.1选择轴的材料，确定许用应力………………………………………12
3.4轴承选择……………………………………………………………………16
3.4.1计算轴承的的载荷……………………………………………………16
3.4.2选择润滑方式…………………………………………………………16
3.5本章小结……………………………………………………………………17
第4章 叉车外型结构设计…………………………………………………18
4.1机架的设计…………………………………………………………………18
4.1.1机架的主要组件的材料及尺寸的选择………………………………19
4.2后轮的设计………………………………………………………………19
4.2.1轮架的选择……………………………………………………………20
4.3前轮轮架……………………………………………………………………20
4.4剪式支撑板…………………………………………………………………21
4.5万能夹具设计………………………………………………………………21
4.6本章小结………………………………………………………………………22
第5章 动力系统的设计……………………………………………………23
5.1 液压千斤顶主要构件分析…………………………………………………23
5.2 液压缸的主要形式及选材…………………………………………………23
5.3 液压缸的压力（液压缸主要参数的计算）………………………………23
5.3.1额定压力………………………………………………………………23
5.3.2工作压力………………………………………………………………24
5.3.3最高允许压力…………………………………………………………24
5.4液压缸的输出力与输出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.1液压缸的理论输出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.2液压缸的理论输入力…………………………………………………24
5.5 液压缸的输出速度…………………………………………………………24
5.5.1大液压缸的输出速度…………………………………………………25
5.5.2 速比……………………………………………………………………25
5.6 液压缸的功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.1输出功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.2输入功率………………………………………………………………26
5.7小液压缸的主要参数计算…………………………………………………26
5.8本章小结……………………………………………………………………27
结论…………………………………………………………………………………28
参考文献………………………………………………………………………… 29
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………30
