设计简介
摘 要
汽车离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内，用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上，离合器的输出轴就是变速器的输入轴。摩擦离合器作为一种典型离合器为现代各类型汽车广泛采用，实际上是一种依靠主、从动部件间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的机构。
本次设计主要对轻型货车的离合器进行设计，通过CA1040货车的主要参数，结合离合器设计相关理论，对应用在该型汽车的离合器进行重新设计。首先对离合器进行结构上的设计，此离合器设计为膜片弹簧拉式离合器。结构和方式选定后，通过重新计算和校核，设计了摩擦片、膜片弹簧、扭转减震器、压盘、离合器盖、传动片等多个部件总成。此说明书说明了离合器配件总成的设计过程和方法，这些对以后的离合器设计能够起到参考作用。
关键词: 离合器；膜片弹簧；压盘；摩擦片；传动片
Clutch is in the flywheel between the engine and gearbox shell, and clutch assembly was fixed to the flywheel with screws behind the plane. The output shaft of clutch is the input shaft of transmission. As a typical clutch friction, clutch is widely used in various types of modern cars, and actually relies on the friction between the body and affiliate components the driving force.
The present work mainly focuses on the redesign of clutch in light trucks, by the main parameters of CA1040 trucks and clutch design theory. The first one is the structure of the clutch, which is designed to be a diaphragm spring pull type. After structure and approach were selected, through the re-calculation and verification, the design of the friction disc, diaphragm spring, reverse the shock absorbers, pressure plate, clutch cover, transmission and other parts assembly sheet were completed. This manual descripts the design process and methods of clutch assembly, which can play a reference role for clutch design.
Key Words: Clutch; Diaphragm spring; Pressure plate; Friction disc; transmission
汽车离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内，用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上，离合器的输出轴就是变速器的输入轴。摩擦离合器作为一种典型离合器为现代各类型汽车广泛采用，实际上是一种依靠主、从动部件间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的机构。
本次设计主要对轻型货车的离合器进行设计，通过CA1040货车的主要参数，结合离合器设计相关理论，对应用在该型汽车的离合器进行重新设计。首先对离合器进行结构上的设计，此离合器设计为膜片弹簧拉式离合器。结构和方式选定后，通过重新计算和校核，设计了摩擦片、膜片弹簧、扭转减震器、压盘、离合器盖、传动片等多个部件总成。此说明书说明了离合器配件总成的设计过程和方法，这些对以后的离合器设计能够起到参考作用。
关键词: 离合器；膜片弹簧；压盘；摩擦片；传动片
ABSTRACT
Clutch is in the flywheel between the engine and gearbox shell, and clutch assembly was fixed to the flywheel with screws behind the plane. The output shaft of clutch is the input shaft of transmission. As a typical clutch friction, clutch is widely used in various types of modern cars, and actually relies on the friction between the body and affiliate components the driving force.
The present work mainly focuses on the redesign of clutch in light trucks, by the main parameters of CA1040 trucks and clutch design theory. The first one is the structure of the clutch, which is designed to be a diaphragm spring pull type. After structure and approach were selected, through the re-calculation and verification, the design of the friction disc, diaphragm spring, reverse the shock absorbers, pressure plate, clutch cover, transmission and other parts assembly sheet were completed. This manual descripts the design process and methods of clutch assembly, which can play a reference role for clutch design.
Key Words: Clutch; Diaphragm spring; Pressure plate; Friction disc; transmission
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第 1 章 绪论 1
1.1 选题的目的 1
1.2 离合器国内外研究现状 1
1.3 离合器概述 2
1.3.1 离合器的功用 2
1.3.2 现代汽车离合器应满足的要求 3
1.3.3 离合器工作原理 3
1.3.4 拉式膜片弹簧离合器的优点 4
1.4 设计的预期成果 4
第 2 章 离合器的结构设计 6
2.1 离合器结构选择与论证 6
2.1.1 摩擦片的选择 6
2.1.2 压紧弹簧布置形式的选择 6
2.1.3 压盘的驱动方式 7
2.1.4 分离杠杆、分离轴承 7
2.1.5 离合器的散热通风 7
2.1.6 从动盘总成 7
2.2 离合器结构设计的要点 9
2.3 离合器主要零件的设计 9
2.3.1 从动盘 9
2.3.2 摩擦片 9
2.3.3 膜片弹簧 10
2.3.4 压盘 10
2.3.5 离合器盖 10
2.4 本章小结 10
第 3 章 离合器的设计计算 11
3.1 离合器设计所需数据 11
3.2 摩擦片主要参数的选择 11
3.3 摩擦片基本参数的优化 13
3.4 膜片弹簧主要参数的选择 15
3.4.1 比较H/h的选择 15
3.4.2 R/r选择 15
3.4.3 圆锥底角 16
3.4.4 切槽宽度 16
3.4.5 压盘加载点和支承环加载点的确定 16
3.4.6 公差与精度 16
3.5 膜片弹簧的优化设计 17
3.6 膜片弹簧的载荷与变形关系 17
3.7 膜片弹簧的应力计算 19
3.8 扭转减震器设计 22
3.9 减振弹簧的设计 22
3.10 从动盘毂 24
3.11 从动轴的计算 26
3.12 分离轴承的寿命计算 26
3.13 本章小结 26
第4 章 离合器操纵机构设计 28
4.1 离合器踏板行程计算 29
4.2 踏板力的计算 29
4.3 本章小结 30
第 5 章 离合器的保养和维护 31
5.1 离合器踏板高度的测量和调整 31
5.2 离合器踏板自由间隙的测量与调整 31
5.3 液压式离合器操作机构的排空气法 31
5.4 本章小结 31
结论 33
参考文献 34
致谢 35
附录 36
