设计简介
摘 要
液压驱动可变配气系统是无凸轮轴可变配气技术的一种。通过对国内外各种电控液压驱动可变配气系统的分析和比较，本文提出了一款电控液压驱动可变配气系统设计方案，通过对该方案的主要结构参数，如柱塞半径、气门弹簧刚度、电磁阀流通面积等参数的研究，得到这种可变配气系统运动特性规律，为系统的开发和研制提供帮助。
本文在设计的基础上，开发出一套可变配气系统，系统主要包括液压系统、执行机构以及控制系统等。将该系统安装在4102BG发动机上，代替原来的配气机构，并对该系统的性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明：本套结构能够控制气门的气门正时，缓解气门落座冲击。同时研究了运行参数如发动机转速、液压系统的压力和驱动电压对可变配气机构控制特性的影响，这些参数不同程度地影响着可变配气的动态特性。
关键词：可变配气系统；液压系统；无凸轮轴可变配气技术；气门弹簧刚度；气门正时。
ABSTRACT
This variable valve timing and lift system powered by electronic hydraulic system is one kind of variable valve timing and lift system without cam．By analyzing and comparing several kinds of domestic and intemational advanced electronically controlled variable valve timing and lift system，a new kind of variable valve timing and lift system is developed in this paper．The system simulation model is established for the variable valve timing and lift system．Then the studies on the main structure parameters of the system，such as piston diameter,spring rigidity of the valve and flow area of electro—magnetic valve，obtained the characteristics of the variable intake valve system，Both the model and this studies speed up the development processes，thus minimizing the number of hardware variations． Based on the design and the simulation，a test is conducted on the cylinder heads of 41 02BG diesel with the variable valve timing and lift system，which can provide experimental documents for validation．Test bench includes the hydraulic driving system、variable valve actuator system，and electronic control units system etc．According to the experiment，the control strategy was amended detailedly．As a result，a fast，precise and steady dynamic result as well as a reliable static state Was achieved．
Key word：Variable valve timing and lift system；The hydraulic；Without the camshaft variable valve timing technology；Valve spring stiffness；valve timing.
目 录
摘要...................................................................................................................II
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................III
第1章 绪论.......................................................................................................1
1.1发动机配气机构的可变技术...................................................................................1
1.1.1可变进气系统........................................................................................................1
1.1.2可变配气相位.................................................................................................2
1.1.3可变进气涡流强度.........................................................................................4
1.2发动机气门驱动机构的发展...................................................................................4
1.2.1凸轮轴气门驱动机构.....................................................................................4
1.2.2凸轮轴可变气门驱动机构.............................................................................5
1.2.3无凸轮轴驱动配气机构.................................................................................5
1.2.4电液驱动配气机构.........................................................................................6
1.2.5电磁气门驱动机构.........................................................................................7
1.2.6电气气门驱动机构.........................................................................................8
1.2.7其他的气门驱动机构.....................................................................................8
1.3本课题的意义和主要工作内容...............................................................................9
第2章 确定系统方案、拟定液压原理图...............................................................11
2.1电控液压驱动可变配气系统的构成.....................................................................11
2.2电控液压驱动可变配气系统的工作原理............................................................12
2.3拟定液压原理图....................................................................................................12
2.4本章小结................................................................................................................13
第3章 液压系统的设计计算......................................................................................14
3.1液压系统额定压力的选取....................................................................................14
3.2液压系统额定流量的选取....................................................................................15
3.3液压系统设计参数................................................................................................16
3.4液压元件的选择与计算........................................................................................17
3.4.1液压泵的选择.............................................................................................17
3.4.2选择驱动液压泵的电动机.........................................................................18
3.4.3液压阀的选择.............................................................................................18
3.4.4油箱的选择.................................................................................................19
3.4.5蓄能器的选取.............................................................................................19
3.4.6管道尺寸的确定.........................................................................................19
3.5本章小结................................................................................................................20
第4章 气门驱动机构设计..........................................................................................21
4.1上端盖的结构设计................................................................................................22
4.2下底盖得设计........................................................................................................22
4.3柱塞的结构设计....................................................................................................23
4.4柱塞套筒的结构设计............................................................................................23
4.5本章小结................................................................................................................24
第5章 溢流阀的结构设计..........................................................................................25
5.1溢流阀的结构和工作原理...................................................................................25
5.1.1直动型溢流阀...........................................................................................25
5.1.2 先导式溢流阀..........................................................................................26
5.2溢流阀的主要性能...............................................................................................28
5.2.1静态特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.2动态特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.3先导型溢流阀的静态特性分析...............................................................30
5.3溢流阀的基本应用...............................................................................................33
5.4本章小结...............................................................................................................35
结论.......................................................................................................................................36
参考文献.............................................................................................................................37
致谢.......................................................................................................................................38
液压驱动可变配气系统是无凸轮轴可变配气技术的一种。通过对国内外各种电控液压驱动可变配气系统的分析和比较，本文提出了一款电控液压驱动可变配气系统设计方案，通过对该方案的主要结构参数，如柱塞半径、气门弹簧刚度、电磁阀流通面积等参数的研究，得到这种可变配气系统运动特性规律，为系统的开发和研制提供帮助。
本文在设计的基础上，开发出一套可变配气系统，系统主要包括液压系统、执行机构以及控制系统等。将该系统安装在4102BG发动机上，代替原来的配气机构，并对该系统的性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明：本套结构能够控制气门的气门正时，缓解气门落座冲击。同时研究了运行参数如发动机转速、液压系统的压力和驱动电压对可变配气机构控制特性的影响，这些参数不同程度地影响着可变配气的动态特性。
关键词：可变配气系统；液压系统；无凸轮轴可变配气技术；气门弹簧刚度；气门正时。
ABSTRACT
This variable valve timing and lift system powered by electronic hydraulic system is one kind of variable valve timing and lift system without cam．By analyzing and comparing several kinds of domestic and intemational advanced electronically controlled variable valve timing and lift system，a new kind of variable valve timing and lift system is developed in this paper．The system simulation model is established for the variable valve timing and lift system．Then the studies on the main structure parameters of the system，such as piston diameter,spring rigidity of the valve and flow area of electro—magnetic valve，obtained the characteristics of the variable intake valve system，Both the model and this studies speed up the development processes，thus minimizing the number of hardware variations． Based on the design and the simulation，a test is conducted on the cylinder heads of 41 02BG diesel with the variable valve timing and lift system，which can provide experimental documents for validation．Test bench includes the hydraulic driving system、variable valve actuator system，and electronic control units system etc．According to the experiment，the control strategy was amended detailedly．As a result，a fast，precise and steady dynamic result as well as a reliable static state Was achieved．
Key word：Variable valve timing and lift system；The hydraulic；Without the camshaft variable valve timing technology；Valve spring stiffness；valve timing.
目 录
摘要...................................................................................................................II
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................III
第1章 绪论.......................................................................................................1
1.1发动机配气机构的可变技术...................................................................................1
1.1.1可变进气系统........................................................................................................1
1.1.2可变配气相位.................................................................................................2
1.1.3可变进气涡流强度.........................................................................................4
1.2发动机气门驱动机构的发展...................................................................................4
1.2.1凸轮轴气门驱动机构.....................................................................................4
1.2.2凸轮轴可变气门驱动机构.............................................................................5
1.2.3无凸轮轴驱动配气机构.................................................................................5
1.2.4电液驱动配气机构.........................................................................................6
1.2.5电磁气门驱动机构.........................................................................................7
1.2.6电气气门驱动机构.........................................................................................8
1.2.7其他的气门驱动机构.....................................................................................8
1.3本课题的意义和主要工作内容...............................................................................9
第2章 确定系统方案、拟定液压原理图...............................................................11
2.1电控液压驱动可变配气系统的构成.....................................................................11
2.2电控液压驱动可变配气系统的工作原理............................................................12
2.3拟定液压原理图....................................................................................................12
2.4本章小结................................................................................................................13
第3章 液压系统的设计计算......................................................................................14
3.1液压系统额定压力的选取....................................................................................14
3.2液压系统额定流量的选取....................................................................................15
3.3液压系统设计参数................................................................................................16
3.4液压元件的选择与计算........................................................................................17
3.4.1液压泵的选择.............................................................................................17
3.4.2选择驱动液压泵的电动机.........................................................................18
3.4.3液压阀的选择.............................................................................................18
3.4.4油箱的选择.................................................................................................19
3.4.5蓄能器的选取.............................................................................................19
3.4.6管道尺寸的确定.........................................................................................19
3.5本章小结................................................................................................................20
第4章 气门驱动机构设计..........................................................................................21
4.1上端盖的结构设计................................................................................................22
4.2下底盖得设计........................................................................................................22
4.3柱塞的结构设计....................................................................................................23
4.4柱塞套筒的结构设计............................................................................................23
4.5本章小结................................................................................................................24
第5章 溢流阀的结构设计..........................................................................................25
5.1溢流阀的结构和工作原理...................................................................................25
5.1.1直动型溢流阀...........................................................................................25
5.1.2 先导式溢流阀..........................................................................................26
5.2溢流阀的主要性能...............................................................................................28
5.2.1静态特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.2动态特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.3先导型溢流阀的静态特性分析...............................................................30
5.3溢流阀的基本应用...............................................................................................33
5.4本章小结...............................................................................................................35
结论.......................................................................................................................................36
参考文献.............................................................................................................................37
致谢.......................................................................................................................................38
