设计简介
摘要
风机状态试验是在风机转速不变的情况下，改变风机运行工况、测量试验数据、计算风机状态参数并绘制状态曲线(流量一全压曲线、流量一功率曲线、流量一效率曲线)的过程。它对于成品的检验和新产品的开发至关重要。目前，我国风机状态检测大多以手工为主，存在试验手段落后，劳动量大和测试结果不准确等缺点。采用先进的虚拟仪器技术，将传感技术、仪器技术和测试技术结合起来，进行风机状态参数的自动检测，试验数据的自动处理和状态曲线的自动绘制是本文研究的重点。
本文采用虚拟仪器技术，进行了风机状态试验自动测试系统的硬件及软件设计。硬件上采用压差传感器、压力传感器和扭矩传感器检测各试验数据，实现了试验数据的自动采集；利用变频调速技术控制变频调速器输出信号的频率，实现了风机转速的自动调节;通过设置旋转挡板装置并用步进电机控制其旋转角度实现了风机运行状况的自动控制。软件上在LabVIEw虚拟仪器开发平台上，采用模块化设计方法，实现了采集信号的实时显示、控制信号的准确输出、试验数据的正确处理及应用最小二乘法对状态参数进行拟合从而实现了状态曲线的自动绘制。
整个系统具有界面友好、操作方便、功能齐全等优点，试验结果表明研制基于虚拟仪器的风机状态自动测试系统，增加了试验过程的稳定性，避免了人为的读数误差、计算误差以及相关数据不能同时记录所引起的试验结果的偏差，提高了测试精度和试验效率。可广泛应用于科研院所和风机生产厂家，具有较高的推广应用价值。
关键词：风机状态：虚拟仪器：自动采集：自动控制：labview
Abstract
Blower Performance testing is the course of changing working states，measuring
testing dates，calculating Performance Parameters and plotting Performance curves which processed under the certain rotate speed. It is important to inspecting finished production and designing new production. At present, blower testing work is handwork mostly in our country, which has some defects such as obsolete testing means, large labor and imprecise result. So applying the virtual instrumentation technology which combining the sense technology, instrumentation technology and testing technology to test performance parameter, process data and plot curve is the key points in this paper.
Applying virtual instrumentation technology, the author designed the hardware and software of the blower performance testing system. In the hand of hardware, testing data is acquired automatically according to press-difference sensor, press sensor and torch sensor, blower speed is adjusted automatically according to frequency conversion of transducer and working state is auto controlled according to rotating baffle controlled by the step motor. In software, the module design method is applied. The acquired dates are showed real-timely and controlled message are output precisely in the developing platform-labview, other well, the performance curve is completely gained in applying least square method.
The whole system has friendly interface, convenient operation and comprehensive functions, which can be used widely in scientific research institutes and factories. The system of blower performance auto-testing improves the stability of testing process, avoids the error of reading, the error of calculation and the error of result causing by relative dates can not be recorded at the same time, the precision and efficiency of testing is largely improved.
Keywords: blower performance; virtual instrumentation; auto-acquire; auto-control; labview
目录
摘要（中文）……………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
（英文）………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 系统总体方案的确定 ………………………………………………… 2
2.1 风机状态试验方法 ………………………………………………… 3
2.2 虚拟仪器技术及其应用 ………………………………………………… 3
2.3 基于虚拟仪器的风机状态试验方法 …………………………………… 4
第三章 系统硬件设计 ………………………………………………………… 5
3.1步进电机的控制 ………………………………………………………… 5
3.2风机转速调节装置的设计 ……………………………………………… 7
3.3试验数据的检测 ………………………………………………………… 8
3.4数据采集板 ……………………………………………………………… 12
第四章 系统软件设计 ………………………………………………………… 14
4.1 软件平台 ……………………………………………………………… 14
4.2 检测信号的计算机处理 ……………………………………………… 14
4.3 软件结构及功能 ……………………………………………………… 17
4.4 软件使用说明 ………………………………………………………… 18
第五章 系统可靠性设计 …………………………………………………… 20
5.1 系统抗干扰分析 ……………………………………………………… 20
5.2 硬件抗干扰 …………………………………………………………… 20
5.3 软件抗干扰 …………………………………………………………… 21
结束语 …………………………………………………………………………… 23
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………… 24
风机状态试验是在风机转速不变的情况下，改变风机运行工况、测量试验数据、计算风机状态参数并绘制状态曲线(流量一全压曲线、流量一功率曲线、流量一效率曲线)的过程。它对于成品的检验和新产品的开发至关重要。目前，我国风机状态检测大多以手工为主，存在试验手段落后，劳动量大和测试结果不准确等缺点。采用先进的虚拟仪器技术，将传感技术、仪器技术和测试技术结合起来，进行风机状态参数的自动检测，试验数据的自动处理和状态曲线的自动绘制是本文研究的重点。
本文采用虚拟仪器技术，进行了风机状态试验自动测试系统的硬件及软件设计。硬件上采用压差传感器、压力传感器和扭矩传感器检测各试验数据，实现了试验数据的自动采集；利用变频调速技术控制变频调速器输出信号的频率，实现了风机转速的自动调节;通过设置旋转挡板装置并用步进电机控制其旋转角度实现了风机运行状况的自动控制。软件上在LabVIEw虚拟仪器开发平台上，采用模块化设计方法，实现了采集信号的实时显示、控制信号的准确输出、试验数据的正确处理及应用最小二乘法对状态参数进行拟合从而实现了状态曲线的自动绘制。
整个系统具有界面友好、操作方便、功能齐全等优点，试验结果表明研制基于虚拟仪器的风机状态自动测试系统，增加了试验过程的稳定性，避免了人为的读数误差、计算误差以及相关数据不能同时记录所引起的试验结果的偏差，提高了测试精度和试验效率。可广泛应用于科研院所和风机生产厂家，具有较高的推广应用价值。
关键词：风机状态：虚拟仪器：自动采集：自动控制：labview
Abstract
Blower Performance testing is the course of changing working states，measuring
testing dates，calculating Performance Parameters and plotting Performance curves which processed under the certain rotate speed. It is important to inspecting finished production and designing new production. At present, blower testing work is handwork mostly in our country, which has some defects such as obsolete testing means, large labor and imprecise result. So applying the virtual instrumentation technology which combining the sense technology, instrumentation technology and testing technology to test performance parameter, process data and plot curve is the key points in this paper.
Applying virtual instrumentation technology, the author designed the hardware and software of the blower performance testing system. In the hand of hardware, testing data is acquired automatically according to press-difference sensor, press sensor and torch sensor, blower speed is adjusted automatically according to frequency conversion of transducer and working state is auto controlled according to rotating baffle controlled by the step motor. In software, the module design method is applied. The acquired dates are showed real-timely and controlled message are output precisely in the developing platform-labview, other well, the performance curve is completely gained in applying least square method.
The whole system has friendly interface, convenient operation and comprehensive functions, which can be used widely in scientific research institutes and factories. The system of blower performance auto-testing improves the stability of testing process, avoids the error of reading, the error of calculation and the error of result causing by relative dates can not be recorded at the same time, the precision and efficiency of testing is largely improved.
Keywords: blower performance; virtual instrumentation; auto-acquire; auto-control; labview
目录
摘要（中文）……………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
（英文）………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 系统总体方案的确定 ………………………………………………… 2
2.1 风机状态试验方法 ………………………………………………… 3
2.2 虚拟仪器技术及其应用 ………………………………………………… 3
2.3 基于虚拟仪器的风机状态试验方法 …………………………………… 4
第三章 系统硬件设计 ………………………………………………………… 5
3.1步进电机的控制 ………………………………………………………… 5
3.2风机转速调节装置的设计 ……………………………………………… 7
3.3试验数据的检测 ………………………………………………………… 8
3.4数据采集板 ……………………………………………………………… 12
第四章 系统软件设计 ………………………………………………………… 14
4.1 软件平台 ……………………………………………………………… 14
4.2 检测信号的计算机处理 ……………………………………………… 14
4.3 软件结构及功能 ……………………………………………………… 17
4.4 软件使用说明 ………………………………………………………… 18
第五章 系统可靠性设计 …………………………………………………… 20
5.1 系统抗干扰分析 ……………………………………………………… 20
5.2 硬件抗干扰 …………………………………………………………… 20
5.3 软件抗干扰 …………………………………………………………… 21
结束语 …………………………………………………………………………… 23
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………… 24
