设计简介
摘 要：花生是重要的油料作物，花生含油量高于油菜和大豆，我国花生产量占油料总产40%左右。花生不仅是优质油料作物，而且是主要的蛋白资源，加工品类多，产业链条长，现已成为我国重要的出口创汇产品和农业结构调整重点发展和扶持的种植品种。我国不仅是世界花生的生产大国和消费大国，也是贸易大国。花生种植， 在世界范围均属劳动密集型产业。中国劳动力丰富， 花生种植和出口具有明显优势。期以来，由于花生种植、收获和加工大都靠人工完成，但劳动强度大、效率低。而在整个花生生产过程中，收获环节用工占全过程的1/3以上，占整个花生生产成本的50%以上。推动中国花生生产机械化发展，对降低作业成本，提高作业效率、促进农民增收，具有现实意义。
本设计的振动筛花生收获机主要由挖掘铲、振动筛、行走轮、动力传动装置及机架等组成，并与功率为12kw 左右的拖拉机配套使用，可以同时实现一次完成多行花生收获。收获过程中，挖出来的花生秧被传送到振动筛上，振动筛的振动可实现去除挖掘出的花生所带有的泥土，最后通过输送板实现花生秧一侧倒伏的工作原理。能大力提高花生收获的工作效率，降低收获成本，并实现机械化的生产。
关键词：花生; 振动筛;收获机;农业机械
Abstract: Peanut is an important oil crops, the peanut oil content is higher than rape and soybean, peanut production in China accounts for about 40% of total oil production. Peanut oil is not only a high-quality, and is the main protein resources, processing category, long industrial chain, has become China's important export products and focus on the development of agricultural restructuring and support the cultivation of varieties. China is not only big country of production and consumption country in the world in peanut, and trade. Peanut planting, in the world are labor intensive industry. China has rich labor resources, peanut cultivation and export has obvious advantages. Period of time, because the peanut planting, harvesting and processing is mostly done by manual, but high labor intensity, low efficiency. In the whole process of peanut production, harvesting employment accounted for more than the whole process of 1\/3, the peanut production costs accounted for more than 50%. Promote the peanut production mechanization in China, to reduce operating costs, improve work efficiency, promote the farmers income, has practical significance.
Peanut harvesting machine mainly by the mining shovel, vibration sieve, a walking wheel, a power transmission device and the frame form a vibration sieve and the design, and the power of the tractor of about 12KW can be achieved at the same time, a plurality of rows of peanut harvester. The process of harvesting, dug out the peanut seedling was sent to the shaker, vibration sieve can be removed with implementation of the peanut soil, the working principle of the transportation board to achieve the side of peanut seedling lodging. Peanut harvest can improve efficiency greatly, reduce cost and realize the harvest, mechanized production.
Key words：peanuts ;vibrating screen; harvesting machines;agricultural machinery
目 录
摘要 1
1 前言 2
1.1 研究的目的和意义 2
1.1.1 中国花生生产现状 4
1.1.2 中国花生的种植方式 5
1.1.3 花生生产机械化现状 6
1.2 研究目标与内容 7
2 振动筛式花生收获装置的设计原理 8
2.1 设计依据 8
2.2 设计方案的选择与分析 9
2.3 总体设计简介 10
2.4 作业原理 11
3 花生收获机功率计算 11
4 结构设计 13
4.1 挖掘铲主要参数计算 13
4.1.1入土角α计算 13
4.1.2铲面长度L计算 14
4.1.3铲刃斜角γ计算 15
4.1.4铲面宽度B计算 16
4.1.5铲面离地面高度距离hα计算 16
4.2带轮及带的主要参数确定 16
4.3平行连杆机构主要参数及行走轮的设定 18
4.4轴的校核 19
5 总体装配 21
6 总结 21
7 结束语 22
参考文献 22
致谢 23
本设计的振动筛花生收获机主要由挖掘铲、振动筛、行走轮、动力传动装置及机架等组成，并与功率为12kw 左右的拖拉机配套使用，可以同时实现一次完成多行花生收获。收获过程中，挖出来的花生秧被传送到振动筛上，振动筛的振动可实现去除挖掘出的花生所带有的泥土，最后通过输送板实现花生秧一侧倒伏的工作原理。能大力提高花生收获的工作效率，降低收获成本，并实现机械化的生产。
关键词：花生; 振动筛;收获机;农业机械
Abstract: Peanut is an important oil crops, the peanut oil content is higher than rape and soybean, peanut production in China accounts for about 40% of total oil production. Peanut oil is not only a high-quality, and is the main protein resources, processing category, long industrial chain, has become China's important export products and focus on the development of agricultural restructuring and support the cultivation of varieties. China is not only big country of production and consumption country in the world in peanut, and trade. Peanut planting, in the world are labor intensive industry. China has rich labor resources, peanut cultivation and export has obvious advantages. Period of time, because the peanut planting, harvesting and processing is mostly done by manual, but high labor intensity, low efficiency. In the whole process of peanut production, harvesting employment accounted for more than the whole process of 1\/3, the peanut production costs accounted for more than 50%. Promote the peanut production mechanization in China, to reduce operating costs, improve work efficiency, promote the farmers income, has practical significance.
Peanut harvesting machine mainly by the mining shovel, vibration sieve, a walking wheel, a power transmission device and the frame form a vibration sieve and the design, and the power of the tractor of about 12KW can be achieved at the same time, a plurality of rows of peanut harvester. The process of harvesting, dug out the peanut seedling was sent to the shaker, vibration sieve can be removed with implementation of the peanut soil, the working principle of the transportation board to achieve the side of peanut seedling lodging. Peanut harvest can improve efficiency greatly, reduce cost and realize the harvest, mechanized production.
Key words：peanuts ;vibrating screen; harvesting machines;agricultural machinery
目 录
摘要 1
1 前言 2
1.1 研究的目的和意义 2
1.1.1 中国花生生产现状 4
1.1.2 中国花生的种植方式 5
1.1.3 花生生产机械化现状 6
1.2 研究目标与内容 7
2 振动筛式花生收获装置的设计原理 8
2.1 设计依据 8
2.2 设计方案的选择与分析 9
2.3 总体设计简介 10
2.4 作业原理 11
3 花生收获机功率计算 11
4 结构设计 13
4.1 挖掘铲主要参数计算 13
4.1.1入土角α计算 13
4.1.2铲面长度L计算 14
4.1.3铲刃斜角γ计算 15
4.1.4铲面宽度B计算 16
4.1.5铲面离地面高度距离hα计算 16
4.2带轮及带的主要参数确定 16
4.3平行连杆机构主要参数及行走轮的设定 18
4.4轴的校核 19
5 总体装配 21
6 总结 21
7 结束语 22
参考文献 22
致谢 23
