设计简介
摘 要
汽车传动系是汽车的核心组成部分。其任务是调节变换发动机的性能，将动力有效而经济地传至驱动车轮，以满足汽车的使用要求。变速器是完成传动系任务的重要部件，也是决定整车性能的主要部件之一。变速器的设计水平对汽车的动力性、燃料经济性、换挡操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动平稳性与效率等都有直接的影响。随着汽车工业的发展，轿车变速器的设计趋势是增大其传递功率与重量之比，并要求其具有更小的尺寸和良好的性能。本设计以现有企业正在生产的车型马自达6等车型为基础，在给定发动机输出转矩、转速及最高车速、最大爬坡度等条件下，着重对变速器齿轮的结构参数、轴的结构尺寸等进行设计计算；并对变速器的传动方案和结构形式进行设计；同时对操纵机构和同步器的结构进行设计；从而提高汽车的整体性能。
关键词：变速器；齿轮；设计；结构；热处理；
Abstract
Automobile driving system is the core part of the car. Its task is to adjust the performance of transform engine, the powereffectively and economically to the drive wheels, so as to meet the requirements of car use. Transmission is an important part of complete transmission task, one of the main components are also determines vehicle performance. Design of horizontal transmission of the automobile's power performance, fuel economy, reliability of operation of the shift and portability, stable transmission and efficiency have direct effect. With the development of automobile industry, car transmission design trend is to increase its transmission power to weight ratio, which has smaller size and good performance and requirements. Models of CA7220 transmission in the design, the existing enterprises are produced based on the output given, engine torque, speed and maximum speed, maximum slope conditions, especially, the structure parameters of transmission gear shaft structure and size are designed and calculated; and the transmission scheme and the structure of the transmission design; at the same time structure of the operating mechanism and the synchronizer design;
Keywords: transmission; gear; design; structure; heat treatment;
目录
第1章，绪论…………………………………………………………5
1.1概述…………………………………………………………………9
1.1.1汽车变速器的设计要求…………………………………………… 9
1.1.2国内外汽车变速器的发展现状………………………………………10
1.2设计的内容及方法……………………………………………………11
第2章，变速器传动机构与操纵机构………………………………12
2.1变速器传动机构布置方案……………………………………………13
2.1.1变速器传动方案分析与选择…………………………………………13
2.1.2倒档布置方案………………………………………………………14
2.1.3 零部件结构方案分析………………………………………………15
第3章，变速器的设计与计算……………………………………17
3.1 变速器主要参数的选择………………………………………………17
3.1.1 档数…………………………………………………………………17
3.1.2 传动比范围…………………………………………………………17
3.1.3 变速器各档传动比的确定……………………………………………18
3.1.4 中心距的选择……………………………………………………21
3.1.5 变速器的外形尺寸…………………………………………………21
3.1.6 齿轮参数的选择 ……………………………………………………24
3.1.7 各档齿轮齿数的分配及传动比的计算………………………………24
3.1.8 变速器齿轮的变位及齿轮螺旋角的调整………………………………27
3.19总结各档齿轮参数……………………………………………………29
3.2 变速器齿轮强度校核…………………………………………………30
3.2.1 齿轮材料的选择原则…………………………………………………31
3.3.1 初选轴的直径………………………………………………………31
3.4 轴的强度验算…………………………………………………………32
3.4.1 轴的刚度计算………………………………………………………32
3.4.2 轴的强度计算………………………………………………………40
3.5 轴承选择与寿命计算…………………………………………………44
3.5.1 输入轴轴承的选择与寿命计算………………………………………45
3.5.2 输出轴轴承的选择与寿命计算………………………………………46
3.6 本章小结……………………………………………………………48
结论……………………………………………………………………51
附录……………………………………………………………………50
参考文献…………………………………………………………………52
致谢……………………………………………………………………54
汽车传动系是汽车的核心组成部分。其任务是调节变换发动机的性能，将动力有效而经济地传至驱动车轮，以满足汽车的使用要求。变速器是完成传动系任务的重要部件，也是决定整车性能的主要部件之一。变速器的设计水平对汽车的动力性、燃料经济性、换挡操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动平稳性与效率等都有直接的影响。随着汽车工业的发展，轿车变速器的设计趋势是增大其传递功率与重量之比，并要求其具有更小的尺寸和良好的性能。本设计以现有企业正在生产的车型马自达6等车型为基础，在给定发动机输出转矩、转速及最高车速、最大爬坡度等条件下，着重对变速器齿轮的结构参数、轴的结构尺寸等进行设计计算；并对变速器的传动方案和结构形式进行设计；同时对操纵机构和同步器的结构进行设计；从而提高汽车的整体性能。
关键词：变速器；齿轮；设计；结构；热处理；
Abstract
Automobile driving system is the core part of the car. Its task is to adjust the performance of transform engine, the powereffectively and economically to the drive wheels, so as to meet the requirements of car use. Transmission is an important part of complete transmission task, one of the main components are also determines vehicle performance. Design of horizontal transmission of the automobile's power performance, fuel economy, reliability of operation of the shift and portability, stable transmission and efficiency have direct effect. With the development of automobile industry, car transmission design trend is to increase its transmission power to weight ratio, which has smaller size and good performance and requirements. Models of CA7220 transmission in the design, the existing enterprises are produced based on the output given, engine torque, speed and maximum speed, maximum slope conditions, especially, the structure parameters of transmission gear shaft structure and size are designed and calculated; and the transmission scheme and the structure of the transmission design; at the same time structure of the operating mechanism and the synchronizer design;
Keywords: transmission; gear; design; structure; heat treatment;
目录
第1章，绪论…………………………………………………………5
1.1概述…………………………………………………………………9
1.1.1汽车变速器的设计要求…………………………………………… 9
1.1.2国内外汽车变速器的发展现状………………………………………10
1.2设计的内容及方法……………………………………………………11
第2章，变速器传动机构与操纵机构………………………………12
2.1变速器传动机构布置方案……………………………………………13
2.1.1变速器传动方案分析与选择…………………………………………13
2.1.2倒档布置方案………………………………………………………14
2.1.3 零部件结构方案分析………………………………………………15
第3章，变速器的设计与计算……………………………………17
3.1 变速器主要参数的选择………………………………………………17
3.1.1 档数…………………………………………………………………17
3.1.2 传动比范围…………………………………………………………17
3.1.3 变速器各档传动比的确定……………………………………………18
3.1.4 中心距的选择……………………………………………………21
3.1.5 变速器的外形尺寸…………………………………………………21
3.1.6 齿轮参数的选择 ……………………………………………………24
3.1.7 各档齿轮齿数的分配及传动比的计算………………………………24
3.1.8 变速器齿轮的变位及齿轮螺旋角的调整………………………………27
3.19总结各档齿轮参数……………………………………………………29
3.2 变速器齿轮强度校核…………………………………………………30
3.2.1 齿轮材料的选择原则…………………………………………………31
3.3.1 初选轴的直径………………………………………………………31
3.4 轴的强度验算…………………………………………………………32
3.4.1 轴的刚度计算………………………………………………………32
3.4.2 轴的强度计算………………………………………………………40
3.5 轴承选择与寿命计算…………………………………………………44
3.5.1 输入轴轴承的选择与寿命计算………………………………………45
3.5.2 输出轴轴承的选择与寿命计算………………………………………46
3.6 本章小结……………………………………………………………48
结论……………………………………………………………………51
附录……………………………………………………………………50
参考文献…………………………………………………………………52
致谢……………………………………………………………………54
