设计简介
100吨砂轮液压机电液控制系统设计
摘 要
液压机是制品成型生产中应用最广的设备之一，也是理想的成型工艺设备，特别是当液压系统实现具有对压力、行程、速度单独调整功能后，不仅能实现对复杂工件以及不对称工件的加工，而且，废品率非常低，与机械加工系统相比，有极大的优越性。近年来，随着微电子技术、液压技术等的发展，液压机有了更进一步的发展，其高技术含量增多，众多机型已采用CNC或PC机来控制，提高了产品加工质量和生产率。
四柱液压机由主机及控制机构两大部分组成。液压机主机部分包括液压缸、横梁、立柱及充液装置等。动力机构由油箱、高压泵、控制系统、电动机、压力阀、方向阀等组成。液压机采用PLC控制系统，通过泵和油缸及各种液压阀实现能量的转换，调节和输送，完成各种工艺动作的循环。该系列液压机具有独立的动力机构和电气系统，并采用按钮集中控制，可实现手动和自动两种操作方式。
该液压机结构紧凑，动作灵敏可靠，速度快，能耗小，噪音低，压力和行程可在规定的范围内任意调节，操作简单。在本设计中，通过查阅大量文献资料，设计了液压缸的尺寸，拟订了液压原理图。按压力和流量的大小选择了液压泵，电动机，控制阀，过滤器等液压元件和辅助元件。
关键词：液压机，主机，控制机，液压系统
Abstract
Hydraulic press is one of the most widely used device in the production of molding，it is the ideal molding process equipment, especially when the hydraulic system to achieve with the right pressure, stroke and speed adjustment alone, not only to achieve the complex and asymmetric parts of the work piece processing, and that the rejection rate is very low, it has great advantages compared to machining systems. In recent years, with the development of microelectronic technology and hydraulic technology, hydraulic press had a further development, increased its high-tech, many models have been control by the CNC or PC, which improved processing quality and productivity.
The four pillars of hydraulic press mainframe and control system composed of two. Hydraulic press the mainframe includes hydraulic cylinder, beams, pillar and filling liquid equipment, etc. The motor by oil tank, high-pressure pump, the control system, motor, pressure valves, direction valve etc. Hydraulic machine adopts PLC control system, through the pump and oil cylinder and all kinds of hydraulic valves to realize the transfer of energy, regulation and conveying, finish all kinds of craft operating cycle. The series hydraulic machine independent of the dynamic mechanism and the electrical system, and centralized control buttons used, achieve both manual and automatic two kinds of operating mode.
The hydraulic press compact structure, action quick, reliable, and speed, little energy consumption, and low noise, pressure and travel can be within a prescribed scope to arbitrarily regulate, and operate simple. In this design, by consulting a large number of literature, the design of hydraulic cylinder size, and formulate the hydraulic principle diagram. According to the size of the pressure and flow choose hydraulic pump and motor, control valves, filter and hydraulic components and auxiliary components.
Keywords: Hydraulic press, host, control machine, hydraulic system
目 录
1 液压机液压系统原理图设计 1
1.1 自动补油的保压回路设计 1
1.2 释压回路设计： 2
1.3 液压缸工作循环 2
2 液压系统的计算和元件选型 4
2.1 确定液压缸主要参数： 4
2.2 液压元件的选择 6
2.2.1 确定液压泵规格和驱动电机功率 6
2.2.2 阀类元件及辅助元件的选择 7
2.2.3 管道尺寸的确定 9
2.2.4 液压系统的验算 12
2.2.5 系统温升的验算 13
2.2.6 液压冲击验算 14
3 液压缸的结构设计 15
3.1 液压缸主要尺寸的确定 15
4 液压集成油路的设计 16
4.1 液压集成回路设计 16
5 液压站结构设计 18
5.1 液压站的结构型式 18
5.2 液压泵的安装方式 18
5.3 液压油箱的设计 18
5.3.1 液压油箱有效容积的确定 19
5.3.2 液压油箱的外形尺寸设计 19
5.3.3 液压油箱的结构设计 20
5.4 液压站的结构设计 22
6 液压机的减振措施 25
6.1 突然失载时常用的减振措施主要有以下两种： 25
6.2 回程时的减振措施 25
6.3 产生液压冲击时的减振措施 25
结 论 26
致 谢 27
参 考 文 献 28
摘 要
液压机是制品成型生产中应用最广的设备之一，也是理想的成型工艺设备，特别是当液压系统实现具有对压力、行程、速度单独调整功能后，不仅能实现对复杂工件以及不对称工件的加工，而且，废品率非常低，与机械加工系统相比，有极大的优越性。近年来，随着微电子技术、液压技术等的发展，液压机有了更进一步的发展，其高技术含量增多，众多机型已采用CNC或PC机来控制，提高了产品加工质量和生产率。
四柱液压机由主机及控制机构两大部分组成。液压机主机部分包括液压缸、横梁、立柱及充液装置等。动力机构由油箱、高压泵、控制系统、电动机、压力阀、方向阀等组成。液压机采用PLC控制系统，通过泵和油缸及各种液压阀实现能量的转换，调节和输送，完成各种工艺动作的循环。该系列液压机具有独立的动力机构和电气系统，并采用按钮集中控制，可实现手动和自动两种操作方式。
该液压机结构紧凑，动作灵敏可靠，速度快，能耗小，噪音低，压力和行程可在规定的范围内任意调节，操作简单。在本设计中，通过查阅大量文献资料，设计了液压缸的尺寸，拟订了液压原理图。按压力和流量的大小选择了液压泵，电动机，控制阀，过滤器等液压元件和辅助元件。
关键词：液压机，主机，控制机，液压系统
Abstract
Hydraulic press is one of the most widely used device in the production of molding，it is the ideal molding process equipment, especially when the hydraulic system to achieve with the right pressure, stroke and speed adjustment alone, not only to achieve the complex and asymmetric parts of the work piece processing, and that the rejection rate is very low, it has great advantages compared to machining systems. In recent years, with the development of microelectronic technology and hydraulic technology, hydraulic press had a further development, increased its high-tech, many models have been control by the CNC or PC, which improved processing quality and productivity.
The four pillars of hydraulic press mainframe and control system composed of two. Hydraulic press the mainframe includes hydraulic cylinder, beams, pillar and filling liquid equipment, etc. The motor by oil tank, high-pressure pump, the control system, motor, pressure valves, direction valve etc. Hydraulic machine adopts PLC control system, through the pump and oil cylinder and all kinds of hydraulic valves to realize the transfer of energy, regulation and conveying, finish all kinds of craft operating cycle. The series hydraulic machine independent of the dynamic mechanism and the electrical system, and centralized control buttons used, achieve both manual and automatic two kinds of operating mode.
The hydraulic press compact structure, action quick, reliable, and speed, little energy consumption, and low noise, pressure and travel can be within a prescribed scope to arbitrarily regulate, and operate simple. In this design, by consulting a large number of literature, the design of hydraulic cylinder size, and formulate the hydraulic principle diagram. According to the size of the pressure and flow choose hydraulic pump and motor, control valves, filter and hydraulic components and auxiliary components.
Keywords: Hydraulic press, host, control machine, hydraulic system
目 录
1 液压机液压系统原理图设计 1
1.1 自动补油的保压回路设计 1
1.2 释压回路设计： 2
1.3 液压缸工作循环 2
2 液压系统的计算和元件选型 4
2.1 确定液压缸主要参数： 4
2.2 液压元件的选择 6
2.2.1 确定液压泵规格和驱动电机功率 6
2.2.2 阀类元件及辅助元件的选择 7
2.2.3 管道尺寸的确定 9
2.2.4 液压系统的验算 12
2.2.5 系统温升的验算 13
2.2.6 液压冲击验算 14
3 液压缸的结构设计 15
3.1 液压缸主要尺寸的确定 15
4 液压集成油路的设计 16
4.1 液压集成回路设计 16
5 液压站结构设计 18
5.1 液压站的结构型式 18
5.2 液压泵的安装方式 18
5.3 液压油箱的设计 18
5.3.1 液压油箱有效容积的确定 19
5.3.2 液压油箱的外形尺寸设计 19
5.3.3 液压油箱的结构设计 20
5.4 液压站的结构设计 22
6 液压机的减振措施 25
6.1 突然失载时常用的减振措施主要有以下两种： 25
6.2 回程时的减振措施 25
6.3 产生液压冲击时的减振措施 25
结 论 26
致 谢 27
参 考 文 献 28
