设计简介
摘 要
随着全球工业化的迅猛发展，各种化工污染物的排放量逐年增加，人类的生活环境日益恶化，尤其是一些化学有毒物质，一旦未经处理就非法排放，就会造成非常严重的后果，轻则污染水体、危害水生动植物，重则积聚在鱼类或贝类的体内，最终对人类造成危害。近年来我国的水资源污染状况日益严重，人们开始意识到生态环境对人类生活的重要性，因此保护水资源、维护生态环境成为人类的责任和义务。水质监测是目前政府对工业区域的排污状况和排污趋势有效手段，根据环保部门所制定的环境管理依据，对我国的水资源进行合理的利用和保护。为了保护江、河、湖、海各种水域的环境，进行环境水质预测评价，制定科学的环境水域的管理规范，必须提供及时准确的分析数据。准确测定环境水域中的有害元素，目前已被广泛重视。本文通过对现有的x荧光水质重金属检测仪的产品进行调研与研究，进行了X荧光水质重金属快检仪的总装设计，设计内容包括x荧光水质重金属快检仪外壳、样品放置台、样品放置台的支撑架、电机支撑架、x荧光管支撑架，准直器支撑架、探测器支撑架、冷却水箱固定板、准直器探测器散热片、快检仪外壳前盖、快检仪外壳上盖、以及废液收集槽。还进行了设计方案的提出和比较，仪器中利用的一些标准机械元件的选择如推力轴承、弹簧、螺栓的选择，标准的光学元件x荧光管、探测器、准直器等的选择。
关键词：X荧光检测仪； 水质； 重金属； 总装设计； 外壳
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of global industrialization, a variety of chemical pollutant emissions increases year by year, The human living environment worsening, Especially some toxic chemical substances, Once the unprocessed illegal discharge, It will cause very serious consequences, Light water pollution, harm to aquatic animals and plants, Heavy accumulation in fish or shellfish in vivo, The final cause harm to human. In recent years the situation of water pollution in our country is becoming increasingly serious, People began to realize the importance of ecological environment on human life, Therefore, protection of water resources, protect the ecological environment become the responsibility and obligation, Water quality monitoring is the government in industrial area sewage situation and pollution trend of effective means, According to the environmental management on the basis of the environmental protection department for utilization and protection of reasonable water resources in china. In order to protect the river, river, lake, sea water environment, Environmental quality assessment Management specification of Science in environmental waters, to provide timely and accurate data analysis. Accurate determination of harmful elements in environmental waters, has now been widely attention. This article carries on the investigation and research through to the X fluorescent water heavy metal detector of existing products, the assembly design of X fluorescent water heavy metal detector, the design content includes X fluorescent water heavy metal detector shell, a sample platform, a sample platform supporting frame, electric machine supporting frame, X fluorescent tube bracket, collimator support supporting frame, detector, cooling water tank, radiator fixed plate collimator detector, detector shell front cover, detector upper cover of a casing, and waste liquid collecting trough. And puts forward the design scheme was also, some standard mechanical component selection using instruments such as thrust bearings, bolts, springs, optical element X fluorescent tube, standard, the selection of detector collimator.
Key words: X fluorescence detector; water quality; heavy metal; support; shell
目 录
1 绪 论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2目前用于水质重金属检测的方法 1
1.2.1原子吸收光谱法(AAS) 1
1.2.2 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 1
1.2.3电化学方法 2
1.2.4 紫外一可见分光光度法 4
1.2.5 液相色谱法 4
1.2.6阳极溶出伏安法 4
1.2.7流动注射分析 6
1.2.8生物化学分析法 6
1.2.9荧光分析法 7
1.3选题依据 9
1.4设计目的与设计内容 9
1.4.1设计目的 9
1.4.2设计内容 10
2 X荧光水质重金属检测仪方案设计 11
2.1水质重金属检测仪方案的选择 11
2.2 X荧光水质重金属检测仪总体设计 11
2.2.1箱体设计 11
2.2.2密封方式与固定安装方式 27
2.3本章总结 28
3 主要部件选择计算 29
3.1螺栓的选择（螺栓组设计） 29
3.2弹簧的选择 30
3.3步进电机的选择 32
3.4推力轴承的选择 33
3.5本章小结 34
结 论 35
致 谢 36
参考文献 37
随着全球工业化的迅猛发展，各种化工污染物的排放量逐年增加，人类的生活环境日益恶化，尤其是一些化学有毒物质，一旦未经处理就非法排放，就会造成非常严重的后果，轻则污染水体、危害水生动植物，重则积聚在鱼类或贝类的体内，最终对人类造成危害。近年来我国的水资源污染状况日益严重，人们开始意识到生态环境对人类生活的重要性，因此保护水资源、维护生态环境成为人类的责任和义务。水质监测是目前政府对工业区域的排污状况和排污趋势有效手段，根据环保部门所制定的环境管理依据，对我国的水资源进行合理的利用和保护。为了保护江、河、湖、海各种水域的环境，进行环境水质预测评价，制定科学的环境水域的管理规范，必须提供及时准确的分析数据。准确测定环境水域中的有害元素，目前已被广泛重视。本文通过对现有的x荧光水质重金属检测仪的产品进行调研与研究，进行了X荧光水质重金属快检仪的总装设计，设计内容包括x荧光水质重金属快检仪外壳、样品放置台、样品放置台的支撑架、电机支撑架、x荧光管支撑架，准直器支撑架、探测器支撑架、冷却水箱固定板、准直器探测器散热片、快检仪外壳前盖、快检仪外壳上盖、以及废液收集槽。还进行了设计方案的提出和比较，仪器中利用的一些标准机械元件的选择如推力轴承、弹簧、螺栓的选择，标准的光学元件x荧光管、探测器、准直器等的选择。
关键词：X荧光检测仪； 水质； 重金属； 总装设计； 外壳
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of global industrialization, a variety of chemical pollutant emissions increases year by year, The human living environment worsening, Especially some toxic chemical substances, Once the unprocessed illegal discharge, It will cause very serious consequences, Light water pollution, harm to aquatic animals and plants, Heavy accumulation in fish or shellfish in vivo, The final cause harm to human. In recent years the situation of water pollution in our country is becoming increasingly serious, People began to realize the importance of ecological environment on human life, Therefore, protection of water resources, protect the ecological environment become the responsibility and obligation, Water quality monitoring is the government in industrial area sewage situation and pollution trend of effective means, According to the environmental management on the basis of the environmental protection department for utilization and protection of reasonable water resources in china. In order to protect the river, river, lake, sea water environment, Environmental quality assessment Management specification of Science in environmental waters, to provide timely and accurate data analysis. Accurate determination of harmful elements in environmental waters, has now been widely attention. This article carries on the investigation and research through to the X fluorescent water heavy metal detector of existing products, the assembly design of X fluorescent water heavy metal detector, the design content includes X fluorescent water heavy metal detector shell, a sample platform, a sample platform supporting frame, electric machine supporting frame, X fluorescent tube bracket, collimator support supporting frame, detector, cooling water tank, radiator fixed plate collimator detector, detector shell front cover, detector upper cover of a casing, and waste liquid collecting trough. And puts forward the design scheme was also, some standard mechanical component selection using instruments such as thrust bearings, bolts, springs, optical element X fluorescent tube, standard, the selection of detector collimator.
Key words: X fluorescence detector; water quality; heavy metal; support; shell
目 录
1 绪 论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2目前用于水质重金属检测的方法 1
1.2.1原子吸收光谱法(AAS) 1
1.2.2 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 1
1.2.3电化学方法 2
1.2.4 紫外一可见分光光度法 4
1.2.5 液相色谱法 4
1.2.6阳极溶出伏安法 4
1.2.7流动注射分析 6
1.2.8生物化学分析法 6
1.2.9荧光分析法 7
1.3选题依据 9
1.4设计目的与设计内容 9
1.4.1设计目的 9
1.4.2设计内容 10
2 X荧光水质重金属检测仪方案设计 11
2.1水质重金属检测仪方案的选择 11
2.2 X荧光水质重金属检测仪总体设计 11
2.2.1箱体设计 11
2.2.2密封方式与固定安装方式 27
2.3本章总结 28
3 主要部件选择计算 29
3.1螺栓的选择（螺栓组设计） 29
3.2弹簧的选择 30
3.3步进电机的选择 32
3.4推力轴承的选择 33
3.5本章小结 34
结 论 35
致 谢 36
参考文献 37
