设计简介
摘 要
随车起重机属于臂架型起重装置，集起重和运输于一体，结构紧凑、易于操作，不仅节省劳动力，而且极大的降低了工作强度、提高了工作效率。广泛应用于交通运输、港口和仓库中。
此次设计在对随车起重机进行调研和可行性分析的基础上，从力学角度，对6.3吨随车起重装置的起升机构变幅机构和回转机构进行了具体设计。
所设计的起升机构包括液压马达、减速机、棘轮停止器和卷筒几部分。减速机用来降低液压马达驱动速度，根据变速比，确定了其具体型号。卷筒用于绕进或放出钢丝绳，根据工作条件和起重量，对卷筒和钢丝绳的具体规格进行了设计。棘轮停止器用来防止逆转，根据所受的弯矩和压力，对其进行了设计。
变幅机构用来改变起重机幅度，包括臂架系统和变幅传动系统。本文中，采用了伸缩式、箱形结构。箱形结构内装有伸缩油缸，起重装置的变幅可通过液压缸实现。
回转机构包括回转支承装置和回转驱动装置，并采用涡轮旋杆减速机和液压马达。这种结构自重轻，受力合理，运行平稳。
关键词：随车起重机；起升机构；变幅机构；回转机构；吊臂
Truck Mounted Crane (TMC) belongs to boom-crane. Combining the advantages of booming and transporting together, it has the features of compact structure and easy operation，not only saves the labor force, but also decreases the labor intensity and increases the efficiency of working. It is widely used in traffic transportation, docks and warehouses.
In this paper, based on the investigation and feasibility analysis of TMC, the winch mechanism, the arm-changing mechanism and the swing mechanism of the TMC 6.3T were designed from the mechanics angle.
The winch mechanism consists of hydraulic motor, decelerating machine, ratchet wheel stopping machine and reel. Decelerating machine lowers the speed of the hydraulic motor for driving, and its size was defined according to the ratio of the speed variety. The reel is to wind or unwind the load hoisting wire rope. The sizes of the reel and the wire rope were designed according to the work condition and the rise weight. Ratchet wheel stop is used to stop the converse motion, and it was decided by the pressure the gear bears.
The arm-changing mechanism is the system that changes the arm range of the boom-crane. It includes the arm system and the arm-changing moving system. In this paper, flexible arm type and box form structure were used. Cylinder bodies are fitted on the boom. The working range of TMC can be realized by the extension or retraction of the cylinder body.
The swing mechanism contains swing bearing and swing driver. Bearings, worm-and-wheel steering gear and hydraulic motor were adopted. This structure has the advantages of light weight, reliable force and smooth action.
Key words: Truck Mounted Crane; Winch mechanism; Arm-changing mechanism; Swing mechanism; Boom
1 概述1
1.1起重机的概念 1
1.2随车起重机行业发展形势分析 1
1.3国内随车提升机行业发展的制约因素 3
1.4产品介绍 4
2 随车起重装置设计的可行性分析及方案确定 7
2.1可行性分析 8
2.2随车起重装置方案确定 10
3 起升机构的设计 13
3.1起升机构的传动方案 14
3.2起升机构基本参数计算 14
3.3钢丝绳的设计 17
3.4吊钩的设计 18
3.5卷筒的设计 20
3.6滑轮组的设计 23
3.7减速器的设计 23
4 变幅机构的设计 43
4.1三铰点设计 43
4.2起重臂设计 44
4.3变幅油缸的选用 48
5 回转结构的设计 49
5.1回转支承的选用 49
5.2回转减速机的选用 51
5.3支腿反力计算 52
6 结论 53
参考文献 54
致 谢 55
随车起重机属于臂架型起重装置，集起重和运输于一体，结构紧凑、易于操作，不仅节省劳动力，而且极大的降低了工作强度、提高了工作效率。广泛应用于交通运输、港口和仓库中。
此次设计在对随车起重机进行调研和可行性分析的基础上，从力学角度，对6.3吨随车起重装置的起升机构变幅机构和回转机构进行了具体设计。
所设计的起升机构包括液压马达、减速机、棘轮停止器和卷筒几部分。减速机用来降低液压马达驱动速度，根据变速比，确定了其具体型号。卷筒用于绕进或放出钢丝绳，根据工作条件和起重量，对卷筒和钢丝绳的具体规格进行了设计。棘轮停止器用来防止逆转，根据所受的弯矩和压力，对其进行了设计。
变幅机构用来改变起重机幅度，包括臂架系统和变幅传动系统。本文中，采用了伸缩式、箱形结构。箱形结构内装有伸缩油缸，起重装置的变幅可通过液压缸实现。
回转机构包括回转支承装置和回转驱动装置，并采用涡轮旋杆减速机和液压马达。这种结构自重轻，受力合理，运行平稳。
关键词：随车起重机；起升机构；变幅机构；回转机构；吊臂
ABSTRACT
Truck Mounted Crane (TMC) belongs to boom-crane. Combining the advantages of booming and transporting together, it has the features of compact structure and easy operation，not only saves the labor force, but also decreases the labor intensity and increases the efficiency of working. It is widely used in traffic transportation, docks and warehouses.
In this paper, based on the investigation and feasibility analysis of TMC, the winch mechanism, the arm-changing mechanism and the swing mechanism of the TMC 6.3T were designed from the mechanics angle.
The winch mechanism consists of hydraulic motor, decelerating machine, ratchet wheel stopping machine and reel. Decelerating machine lowers the speed of the hydraulic motor for driving, and its size was defined according to the ratio of the speed variety. The reel is to wind or unwind the load hoisting wire rope. The sizes of the reel and the wire rope were designed according to the work condition and the rise weight. Ratchet wheel stop is used to stop the converse motion, and it was decided by the pressure the gear bears.
The arm-changing mechanism is the system that changes the arm range of the boom-crane. It includes the arm system and the arm-changing moving system. In this paper, flexible arm type and box form structure were used. Cylinder bodies are fitted on the boom. The working range of TMC can be realized by the extension or retraction of the cylinder body.
The swing mechanism contains swing bearing and swing driver. Bearings, worm-and-wheel steering gear and hydraulic motor were adopted. This structure has the advantages of light weight, reliable force and smooth action.
Key words: Truck Mounted Crane; Winch mechanism; Arm-changing mechanism; Swing mechanism; Boom
目 录
1 概述1
1.1起重机的概念 1
1.2随车起重机行业发展形势分析 1
1.3国内随车提升机行业发展的制约因素 3
1.4产品介绍 4
2 随车起重装置设计的可行性分析及方案确定 7
2.1可行性分析 8
2.2随车起重装置方案确定 10
3 起升机构的设计 13
3.1起升机构的传动方案 14
3.2起升机构基本参数计算 14
3.3钢丝绳的设计 17
3.4吊钩的设计 18
3.5卷筒的设计 20
3.6滑轮组的设计 23
3.7减速器的设计 23
4 变幅机构的设计 43
4.1三铰点设计 43
4.2起重臂设计 44
4.3变幅油缸的选用 48
5 回转结构的设计 49
5.1回转支承的选用 49
5.2回转减速机的选用 51
5.3支腿反力计算 52
6 结论 53
参考文献 54
致 谢 55
