设计简介
摘要
我国北方大部分地区，每年有4个月左右的的降雪期，道路积雪给百姓出行带来许多不便。尤其是高速公路、机场等需要大面积清除积雪的场合。采用机械方法清除是一项急需解决的难题。
本文主要介绍了铲雪车的功用、发展历史以及发展趋势，阐述了铲雪车的几大分类及其各自的优缺点；本着结构简单、实用性强、低成本的宗旨选择合理的除雪铲结构；对除雪铲的外形以及尺寸进行设计，并选择满足其强度的材料。除雪铲具有一定的越障能力，采用双摇杆机构并对对除雪铲拉伸弹簧进行设计。雪铲采用液压系统为驱动元件，经过计算结果设计出满足要求的升降以及偏转液压缸，最后用CAXA绘制装配图零件图并且利用solidworks进行三维建模并进行仿真，对除雪铲进行应力分析。
关键词：铲雪车；除雪铲；拉伸弹簧；液压缸
我国北方大部分地区，每年有4个月左右的的降雪期，道路积雪给百姓出行带来许多不便。尤其是高速公路、机场等需要大面积清除积雪的场合。采用机械方法清除是一项急需解决的难题。
本文主要介绍了铲雪车的功用、发展历史以及发展趋势，阐述了铲雪车的几大分类及其各自的优缺点；本着结构简单、实用性强、低成本的宗旨选择合理的除雪铲结构；对除雪铲的外形以及尺寸进行设计，并选择满足其强度的材料。除雪铲具有一定的越障能力，采用双摇杆机构并对对除雪铲拉伸弹簧进行设计。雪铲采用液压系统为驱动元件，经过计算结果设计出满足要求的升降以及偏转液压缸，最后用CAXA绘制装配图零件图并且利用solidworks进行三维建模并进行仿真，对除雪铲进行应力分析。
关键词：铲雪车；除雪铲；拉伸弹簧；液压缸
Abstract
In most parts of northern China, there are about 4 months of snowfall every year. Road snow brings many inconvenience to the people. Especially for expressways, airports and so on. Mechanical removal is an urgent problem.
This paper mainly introduces the function, development history and development trend of the shovel snowcart, expounds several categories of the snowshovel and its advantages and disadvantages, and chooses the reasonable structure of the snow shovel in the light of simple structure, strong practicality and low cost, and designs the shape and size of the snow shovel and chooses to meet its strength. Material Science.The snowshovel has certain obstacle surmounting ability, adopts the double rocker mechanism and designs the extension spring of the snow removing shovel. The hydraulic system is used as the driving element for the snow shovel. Through the calculation results, the lifting and deflection hydraulic cylinders are designed to meet the requirements. Finally, the two-dimensional drawing is drawn with CAXA and the 3D modeling and simulation are carried out by SolidWorks, and the stress analysis of the snow shovel is carried out.
Key words: snow shovel; snow removing shovel; stretching spring; hydraulic cylinder.
目录
In most parts of northern China, there are about 4 months of snowfall every year. Road snow brings many inconvenience to the people. Especially for expressways, airports and so on. Mechanical removal is an urgent problem.
This paper mainly introduces the function, development history and development trend of the shovel snowcart, expounds several categories of the snowshovel and its advantages and disadvantages, and chooses the reasonable structure of the snow shovel in the light of simple structure, strong practicality and low cost, and designs the shape and size of the snow shovel and chooses to meet its strength. Material Science.The snowshovel has certain obstacle surmounting ability, adopts the double rocker mechanism and designs the extension spring of the snow removing shovel. The hydraulic system is used as the driving element for the snow shovel. Through the calculation results, the lifting and deflection hydraulic cylinders are designed to meet the requirements. Finally, the two-dimensional drawing is drawn with CAXA and the 3D modeling and simulation are carried out by SolidWorks, and the stress analysis of the snow shovel is carried out.
Key words: snow shovel; snow removing shovel; stretching spring; hydraulic cylinder.
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 铲雪车的基本概念 1
1.2 铲雪车的分类与特点 1
1.2.1 犁板式铲雪车 1
1.2.2 转子式铲雪车 2
2 铲雪车的总体结构设计 3
2.1 铲雪车的基本结构 3
2.2 选择专用除雪装置 3
2.3 除雪装置的性能 3
2.4 除雪装置布置 3
2.5 专用底盘的选择 5
3 除雪铲铲板空间曲面设计 7
3.1 相关概念及名词解释 7
3.2 除雪铲铲板曲面结构参数选择 8
3.2.1 除雪铲铲板空间形状选择 8
3.2.2 除雪铲铲板切削刃参数选择 9
3.3 除雪铲材料 9
3.4 除雪铲的力学模型及计算 10
3.4.1 除雪阻力计算 10
3.4.2 行驶阻力计算 13
3.5 切线牵引力计算 14
3.6 除雪所需功率的计算 14
3.7 发动机功率校核 15
3.8 本章小节 15
4 除雪车弹性避让装置 16
4.1 弹性避让装置概述 16
4.2 避让装置的选择 16
4.3 圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧的设计 17
4.4 本章小结 20
5 除雪装置液压系统设计 21
5.1 液压系统概述 21
5.1.1 液压系统组成及作用 21
5.1.2 液压传动的工作原理 22
5.2 液压泵的种类 22
5.2.1 齿轮泵结构和工作原理 23
5.2.2 齿轮泵基本参数的选择 24
5.3 液压缸的设计计算 25
5.4 本章小结 31
6 运动仿真分析 32
6.1 除雪铲零件建模 32
6.2 除雪铲各零部件装配 37
6.3 除雪铲运动仿真 37
6.4 除雪铲切削刃应力分析 40
结论 46
技术经济性分析 47
致谢 48
参考文献 49
