气缸体顶面钻孔组合机床设计
 
摘要   随着自动化生产能力的提高，现代工厂中出现需要组合机床的场合越来越多， 组合机床是以通用部件为基础，配以工件特定外形和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。它一般采用多轴，多刀，多工序，多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。由于通用部件已经标准化合系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。因此，组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批量生产中得到广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。本课题针对气缸体顶面上 6xM8 孔钻削这一特定工序而设计的一台专用立式组合机床。本设计中，在充分数据计算的基础上对标准通用零件做了仔细选择，并依据被加工零件的结构特点，加工部位的尺寸精度，表面粗糙度要求，以及定位夹紧方式，工艺方法和加工过程中所采用的刀具，生产率，切削用量情况等设计了结构合理的多轴箱。

关键词： 组合机床，多轴箱，工艺流程，钻削
 

Abstract

With the automated production capabilities, modern factories, more and more occasions that require machine tool, machine tool is based on common components, together with the particular work piece shape and processing technology specifically designed components and fixtures, consisting of semi-automatic or automatic machine tools. It is commonly used multi-axis, multi-tool, multi-process, multi-faceted or multi-station at the same time processing, production efficiency several times or more high than the general-purpose machine tools. Common components have been standardized together the series can be flexibly configured; can shorten the design and manufacturing cycle. Therefore, the combination of machine both the advantages of low cost and high efficiency, have been widely used in mass production, and can be used to form an automatic production line. This topic for the top surface of the cylinder block 6xM8 hole drilling this particular process, a dedicated vertical combination of machine tools, in this design, on the basis of sufficient data to calculate the standard generic parts carefully selected based on the structural characteristics of the parts to be processed, the processing parts of the dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, as well as a way of locating and clamping process and processing the tool used in the process, productivity, cutting usage was designed rational structure of the multi-axle box.
 
Key word：Combination of machine tools, multi-axle box, process, drilling
目  录
第一章  绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1  机床在国民经济的地位及其发展简史………………………………………………1
1.2  组合机床的国内、外现状……………………………………………………………2
1.2.1  国内组合机床现状…………………………………………………………………3
1.2.2  国外组合机床现状…………………………………………………………………4
1.3  机床设计的目的、内容、要求………………………………………………………5
1.3.1  设计的目的…………………………………………………………………………5
1.3.2  设计内容……………………………………………………………………………6
1.3.3  设计要求……………………………………………………………………………6
1.4  机床的设计步骤………………………………………………………………………6
1.4.1  调查研究……………………………………………………………………………6
1.4.2  拟定方案……………………………………………………………………………6
1.4.3  工作图设计…………………………………………………………………………7
第二章  零件分析……………………………………………………………………………8
2.1  零件的结构特点及其技术要求………………………………………………………8
2.1.1  零件结构特点………………………………………………………………………8
2.1.2  技术要求……………………………………………………………………………8
2.2. 零件的生产批量及其机床的使用……………………………………………………8
2.2.1  零件的生产批量……………………………………………………………………8
2.2.2  机床的使用条件……………………………………………………………………8
2.3  零件工艺方案…………………………………………………………………………8
第三章  组合机床的总体设计……………………………………………………………9
3.1  组合机床方案的制定…………………………………………………………………9
3.1.1  制定工艺方案………………………………………………………………………9
3.1.2   确定组合机床的配置形式和结构方案…………………………………………10
3.2   确定切削用量及选择刀具…………………………………………………………11
3.2.1   确定工序间余量…………………………………………………………………11
3.2.2  选择切削用量……………………………………………………………………11
3.2.3 确定切削力、切削扭矩、切削功率…………………………………………… 12
3.2.4  选择刀具结构……………………………………………………………………13
3.3钻孔组合机床总设计“三图一卡”的编制…………………………………………13
3.3.1  被加工零件工序图………………………………………………………………13
3.3.2  加工示意图………………………………………………………………………14
3.3.3  机床联系尺寸图…………………………………………………………………18
3.3.4  生产率计算卡……………………………………………………………………21
3.4    多轴箱的设计……………………………………………………………………23
3.4.1  绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图……………………………………………………23
3.4.2  齿轮模数选择……………………………………………………………………24
3.4.3  多轴箱的传动设计………………………………………………………………24
3.4.4  绘制传动系统图…………………………………………………………………26

第四章  夹具设计…………………………………………………………………………28

4.1  机床夹具的概述……………………………………………………………………28

4.1.1机床夹具的组成……………………………………………………………………28
4.1.2机床夹具的类型……………………………………………………………………28

4.2夹紧方案和夹紧元件的设计…………………………………………………………28

4.3夹具的性能及优点……………………………………………………………………29

4.4夹具体的设计…………………………………………………………………………29
4.5夹具精度分析计算……………………………………………………………………29
结    论………………………………………………………………………………………29
致    谢……………………………………………………………………………………33
参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………………34

机械毕业设计|论文