双面组合镗床的设计

 

摘要：本文以加工175-型柴油机曲轴箱的加工内容为依据,用层次分析法的思想研究了       如何设计出满足其加工精度和生产率要求的卧式双面组合镗床.此镗床能对一种零件行多刀、多轴、两面加工,生产效率高,加工精度稳定.

全文包括组合镗床的总体设计和主轴箱设计两大部分。机床的总体设计主要是在选定工艺方案并确定机床配置形式，结构方案基础上进行被加工零件工序图，加工示意图，机床联系尺寸图和生主率计算卡的优化与计算。经过分析比较，确定零件最优加工方法是工件固定在中间底座上，左头主轴箱上加工φ113-φ87-φ79孔，扩φ22孔，锪φ28沉孔，右头选用单轴箱完成φ49-φ43孔的加工。此结构简单，经济并且能够满足加工要求。
关于主轴箱的设计根据“三图一卡”整理编绘出主轴箱的原始依据图，重点分析传动系统，经过各种方案的比较，最后确定的最优方案：主动轴负荷小，齿轮传动副的传动比小，结构紧凑，主轴上的齿轮靠近前支承，主轴的扭转变形式小。
 关键词：柴油机曲轴箱；组合镗床；三图一卡；主轴箱
 Sided combination Boring design
 ABSTRACT : This article takes the processes content of the 175- diesel engine crankcase as the basis, using the thought of the layer analysis method to study how to design a horizontal-type two –side combination boring lathe,which is designed to satisfy its processing precision and the productivity request. This boring lathe can carry on the multi- knives to one kind of components,the multiple spindle, both sides processing on one component,keeping high efficiency and stable processing precision.
 The full text includes the system design of combines the boring lathe and the headstock designs two major parts. The machine tool system design is mainly in the designation craft plan and the determination machine tool desposition form, in the structure plan foundation carrying on working procedure chart of processed the components,the processing schematic drawing, the machine tool relation dimensional drawing and the fresh host rate computation card optimization and the computation. After the analysis comparison, the most superior processing method components is the work piece fixes on the middle foundation, in the left headstock processes 113- 87- 79, 104 end surfaces, expand 22, counter28 sinks the hole,and in the right it selects the stalk box to complete 49- 43 processings. This structure is simple, the economy and can satisfy the processing request.
 As for the design of headstock,it can be reorganized as the primitive basis chart according to the”three figures one card”.Thepoint analysis spreads to move system.Through the comparison of various projects,we finally determine the most superrior plan:Thedriveshaft shoulders slightly,gear,drive vice\velocity ratio small,structure compact front,on the main axle gear approaches the supporting,and the twist type of the principal axis was small.
 Keywords: diesel engine crankcase as the basis;  combination boring lathe;  three figures one card ；machining process