设计简介
1KL-350型链式开沟机的设计
摘要 :开沟机在国外已广泛应用，我国除极少数引进国外的连续式开沟机外，国产开沟机投入使用的较少。近年来，我国开沟施工工程的规模越来越大，如基础建设施工开沟、光缆、电缆、管道铺设等方面都面临着巨大的开沟工作量。特别是在农业工程领域，果树施肥、农田开沟、蔬菜园开沟，都是用工量很大的作业，我国几乎都用人工完成。果园、农田、蔬菜园等作业对象体现出地表不平整、有杂草、树枝及石块、地下有树根等特点，开沟条件比较恶劣，一般开沟机难以适应。因此研制适合我国土壤情况的开沟机，对提高开沟的效率、减少人力和物力资源的浪费、提高劳动生产率有重要意义。
开沟机的开沟装置是其关键部件，而刀片是影响开沟质量、功耗和振动等的重要因素，因此有必要对开沟装置及刀片结构进行深入的研究分析。本文以开沟装置为研究对象，以功耗低、适应性强和可操作性好为目标，研究了一种适用于果园、农田、蔬菜园等环境、满足农艺要求的链式开沟机。论文主要工作包括：
1．系统分析了国内外开沟机的发展现状、确定了开沟机为回转链式开沟机。根据工作环境、农艺要求以及动力学分析结果，确定了沟宽、沟深、整机前进速度、链速、生产率、切土阻力、切削功耗、总功耗、比功、切削厚度等基本参数和整机的总体方案。
2．开展了链式开沟机结构设计和试制。该机由挂接机构、传动机构和开沟装置等主要部件组成，对主要链式开沟机的链条和轴进行了校核，满足链式开沟机的工作条件，开展了链并式开沟机的功能性试验。
关键词 : 链式开沟机 链传动 切削阻力 开沟器
The design of open ditch machine with chain knife type and
the analysis and research of development status
Abstract
This paper introduces the historical development of the domestic and abroad ditching machine,and the famous ditching machine manufactures and their typical products,and some same products which are developed by domestic research institutes and manufacturers independently．Point out that the chain trencher with its advantage for trench excavation and laying cable has becomed the main construction equipment.And make a brief description of my research project's name,as well as the purpose of the major topics and the significance of this issue in theory and practice．
The artical also gave a brief introduction of the history of the chain development, and described advantage and disadvantage of the chain drive gear drive and belt drive respectively,and the use of chain drive．In the light of the more traditional rotary ditching machine, make some brief introduction and analysis to the basic structure and major working parts of ditching machine which is a common operation facility, and make a introduction of the chain trencher's working principle.
Based on the determining of the basic parameters of the chain trencher,in conjunction with relevant references, combine the results which have be made and parts which are innovative in this issue, make kinematic and dynamic analysis for chain trencher systematically.And based on the analysis of the ditching process of chain trencher make more detailed study on ditching efficiency of chain trencher, and creatively use of the soil excavation unit model make research on the power consumption of the chain trencher.Combine the formula of cutting thickness,make use of mathematical methods gave out the theoretical basis of the ditching arm angle which should be controled around 45°in the first time.finally, according to the corresponding conditions and the integration and calculation to formula, gave the overall chain trencher tentatively set the calculated parameters.
Through the study of chain,my sword type open ditch future design and development provides theoretical basis.
Key Words Chain ditcher Chain drive Cutting resistance
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 研究意义目的 1
1.2 国内外开沟机的发展及研究现状 2
1.2.1 国内状况 2
1.2.2 国外状况 3
1.3 主要内容 5
2 技术任务书（JR） 5
2.1 设计依据及要求 5
2.2 工作原理 6
2.3 主要性能指标及技术参数 7
2.4 关键技术及解决方法 8
3 设计计算说明书（SS） 10
3.1 结构方案分析 10
3.2 结构组成及工作原理 10
3.2.1 结构组成 10
3.2.2 主要技术参数 11
3.3 主要工作部件的设计 11
3.3.1 开沟工作部件的设计 11
3.3.2 传动系统的设计计算 20
3.3.3 机架 22
3.4 主要工作部件的强度校核 22
3.4.1 开沟驱动链的强度校核 22
3.4.2 传动轴的强度校核 24
5 使用说明书（SM） 31
5.1 名称与型号 31
5.2 结构及工作原理 32
5.3 使用维护 32
5.4 故障诊断 32
6 结论 33
6.1 主要研究结论 33
6.2 改进意见 33
参考文献 35
致谢 36
摘要 :开沟机在国外已广泛应用，我国除极少数引进国外的连续式开沟机外，国产开沟机投入使用的较少。近年来，我国开沟施工工程的规模越来越大，如基础建设施工开沟、光缆、电缆、管道铺设等方面都面临着巨大的开沟工作量。特别是在农业工程领域，果树施肥、农田开沟、蔬菜园开沟，都是用工量很大的作业，我国几乎都用人工完成。果园、农田、蔬菜园等作业对象体现出地表不平整、有杂草、树枝及石块、地下有树根等特点，开沟条件比较恶劣，一般开沟机难以适应。因此研制适合我国土壤情况的开沟机，对提高开沟的效率、减少人力和物力资源的浪费、提高劳动生产率有重要意义。
开沟机的开沟装置是其关键部件，而刀片是影响开沟质量、功耗和振动等的重要因素，因此有必要对开沟装置及刀片结构进行深入的研究分析。本文以开沟装置为研究对象，以功耗低、适应性强和可操作性好为目标，研究了一种适用于果园、农田、蔬菜园等环境、满足农艺要求的链式开沟机。论文主要工作包括：
1．系统分析了国内外开沟机的发展现状、确定了开沟机为回转链式开沟机。根据工作环境、农艺要求以及动力学分析结果，确定了沟宽、沟深、整机前进速度、链速、生产率、切土阻力、切削功耗、总功耗、比功、切削厚度等基本参数和整机的总体方案。
2．开展了链式开沟机结构设计和试制。该机由挂接机构、传动机构和开沟装置等主要部件组成，对主要链式开沟机的链条和轴进行了校核，满足链式开沟机的工作条件，开展了链并式开沟机的功能性试验。
关键词 : 链式开沟机 链传动 切削阻力 开沟器
The design of open ditch machine with chain knife type and
the analysis and research of development status
Abstract
This paper introduces the historical development of the domestic and abroad ditching machine,and the famous ditching machine manufactures and their typical products,and some same products which are developed by domestic research institutes and manufacturers independently．Point out that the chain trencher with its advantage for trench excavation and laying cable has becomed the main construction equipment.And make a brief description of my research project's name,as well as the purpose of the major topics and the significance of this issue in theory and practice．
The artical also gave a brief introduction of the history of the chain development, and described advantage and disadvantage of the chain drive gear drive and belt drive respectively,and the use of chain drive．In the light of the more traditional rotary ditching machine, make some brief introduction and analysis to the basic structure and major working parts of ditching machine which is a common operation facility, and make a introduction of the chain trencher's working principle.
Based on the determining of the basic parameters of the chain trencher,in conjunction with relevant references, combine the results which have be made and parts which are innovative in this issue, make kinematic and dynamic analysis for chain trencher systematically.And based on the analysis of the ditching process of chain trencher make more detailed study on ditching efficiency of chain trencher, and creatively use of the soil excavation unit model make research on the power consumption of the chain trencher.Combine the formula of cutting thickness,make use of mathematical methods gave out the theoretical basis of the ditching arm angle which should be controled around 45°in the first time.finally, according to the corresponding conditions and the integration and calculation to formula, gave the overall chain trencher tentatively set the calculated parameters.
Through the study of chain,my sword type open ditch future design and development provides theoretical basis.
Key Words Chain ditcher Chain drive Cutting resistance
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 研究意义目的 1
1.2 国内外开沟机的发展及研究现状 2
1.2.1 国内状况 2
1.2.2 国外状况 3
1.3 主要内容 5
2 技术任务书（JR） 5
2.1 设计依据及要求 5
2.2 工作原理 6
2.3 主要性能指标及技术参数 7
2.4 关键技术及解决方法 8
3 设计计算说明书（SS） 10
3.1 结构方案分析 10
3.2 结构组成及工作原理 10
3.2.1 结构组成 10
3.2.2 主要技术参数 11
3.3 主要工作部件的设计 11
3.3.1 开沟工作部件的设计 11
3.3.2 传动系统的设计计算 20
3.3.3 机架 22
3.4 主要工作部件的强度校核 22
3.4.1 开沟驱动链的强度校核 22
3.4.2 传动轴的强度校核 24
5 使用说明书（SM） 31
5.1 名称与型号 31
5.2 结构及工作原理 32
5.3 使用维护 32
5.4 故障诊断 32
6 结论 33
6.1 主要研究结论 33
6.2 改进意见 33
参考文献 35
致谢 36
