设计简介
轿车转向机构设计
摘要
本课题的题目是轿车转向系的设计。以齿轮齿条转向器的设计为中心，一是轿车转向系统总述；二是机械转向器的选择；三是齿轮和齿条的合理匹配，以满足转向器的正确传动比和强度要求；四是转向传动机构的设计；五是梯形结构设计。本课题在考虑上述要求和因素的基础上研究利用转向盘的旋转带动传动机构的齿轮齿条转向轴转向，通过万向节带动转向齿轮轴旋转，转向齿轮轴与转向齿条啮合，从而促使转向齿条直线运动，实现转向。该转向器具有结构简单紧凑，轴向尺寸短，且零件数目少的优点，实现了汽车转向的稳定性和灵敏性。在本文中主要进行了转向器齿轮齿条的设计和对转向齿轮轴的校核，主要方法和理论采用汽车设计的经验参数和大学所学机械设计的课程内容进行设计，其结果满足强度要求，安全可靠。关键词：轿车 转向系 齿轮齿条转向器 转向梯形
Abstract
The title of this topic is the design of the car steering mechanism. Rack and pinion steering gear to the design as the center, first are cars’ steering system overview; Second, Cars steering system performance parameters; third rack gear and a reasonable match to meet the correct steering gear ratio and strength requirements; Fourth, Steering transmission mechanism design; Fifth, the structural design of trapezoidal. Therefore, taking into account the above issues and factors that require study, based on the steering wheel rotary drive transmission shaft of the steering rack and pinion steering, through the universal joint drive shaft rotation gear shift, steering rack and steering gear shaft meshing, thereby encouraging steering rack linear motion to achieve steering. Simple structure to achieve the steering tight, short axial dimension, and the number of parts can increase the advantages in order to achieve the vehicle steering stability and sensitivity. In this article a major design steering rack and pinion steering gear shaft and the check, the main methods and theoretical experience in the use of automotive design parameters and the University of mechanical design school curriculum design and the results meet the strength requirements, safe and reliable.Keywords: Car Steering system Rack-and pinion steering gear Steering Trapezoidal
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
前言 1
1 转向系统 5
1.1转向系统概述 5
1.2转向操纵机构 7
1.3转向传动机构 9
1.4转向器与转向器形式 10
1.5动力转向机构 11
1.6齿轮齿条式转向器的优点 11
2 机械型转向器原理 12
2.1齿轮齿条式转向器的分类 12
2.2转向系主要性能参数 14
2.2.1转向器的效率 14
2.2.2传动比的变化特性 16
3 齿轮齿条的设计步骤 19
3.1齿轮齿条的设计 19
3.2 强度校核 23
3.3齿轮齿条设计程序框图 25
4 转向器齿轮轴设计及其校核 26
4.1确定使用材料 26
4.2 轴的结构的设计及校核 26
4.3轴承选择和确定 30
5 转向传动机构设计 31
5.1 转向传动机构原理 31
5.2 转向传动机构的臂、杆与球销 33
5.3 转向横拉杆及其端部 34
6 转向梯形机构优化 37
6.1 转向梯形机构概述 37
6.2 整体式转向梯形结构方案分析 37
6.3 整体式转向梯形机构优化分析 38
6.4 整体式转向梯形机构优化设计 42
总结 46
致 谢 47
参考文献 48
